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arXiv 2602.23657gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-th
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爱因斯坦-标量-麦克斯韦理论中的奇异致密天体的光环、引力透镜和ISCO

Light rings, gravitational lensing, and ISCOs of exotic compact objects in Einstein-scalar-Maxwell theories

Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University(京都大学汤川理论物理研究所);Department of Physics, Waseda University(早稻田大学物理学部)

Antonio De Felice, Shinji Tsujikawa

AI总结:

在标量场与电磁场耦合的爱因斯坦-标量-麦克斯韦理论中,研究了奇异致密天体的存在及其在光子和有质量粒子动力学中的观测特征,通过要求不存在线性稳定光环来约束模型参数,并计算了引力透镜偏转角及有质量粒子的最内稳定圆轨道参数空间。

摘要:

在爱因斯坦-标量-麦克斯韦理论中,标量场 $\phi$ 与电磁场强度 $F$ 之间存在形如 $\mu(\phi) F$ 的耦合,我们研究了奇异致密天体(ECOs)的存在及其在光子和有质量粒子动力学中的观测特征。对于 $\mu(\phi)$ 在原点发散而所有物理量保持有限的情况,我们证明了存在具有壳状结构的带电 ECOs,其密度在中间半径处达到峰值。我们在静态球对称背景下计算了它们的质量和半径,以及标量场和矢量场的分布。然后,我们检查了光环的存在性,并通过要求不存在线性稳定光环来约束模型参数。在此条件下,ECOs 的光子回波消失。我们还计算了引力透镜偏转角,并表明它在与 ECO 半径同量级的碰撞参数处达到最大值。最后,我们研究了存在有质量粒子的最内稳定圆轨道的参数空间。

英文摘要:

In Einstein-scalar-Maxwell theories with a coupling between the scalar field $ϕ$ and the electromagnetic field strength $F$ of the form $μ(ϕ) F$, we investigate the existence of exotic compact objects (ECOs) and their observational signatures in photon and massive-particle dynamics. For $μ(ϕ)$ diverging at the origin while all physical quantities remain finite, we demonstrate the existence of electrically charged ECOs with a shell-like structure whose density peaks at an intermediate radius. We compute their mass and radius, together with the scalar and vector field profiles, on a static and spherically symmetric background. We then examine the existence of light rings and place bounds on a model parameter by requiring the absence of a linearly stable light ring. Under this condition, photon echoes from ECOs are absent. We also compute the gravitational-lensing deflection angle and show that it attains a maximum for an impact parameter of the same order as the ECO radius. Finally, we study the parameter space in which innermost stable circular orbits of massive particles exist.

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