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arXiv 2602.21671quant-ph
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共存的经典-量子光链路中的密钥率限制

Secret Key Rate Limits in Coexisting Classical-Quantum Optical Links

University of L’Aquila(阿奎拉大学);Nokia Bell Labs(诺基亚贝尔实验室)

Lucas Alves Zischler, Amirhossein Ghazisaeidi, Antonio Mecozzi, Cristian Antonelli

AI总结:

本文研究了经典-量子光链路中密钥率限制问题,通过推导闭式表达式评估干扰功率,并展示将量子信道置于上E-/下S波段可提高密钥率。

摘要:

经典-量子共存使得通过同一光纤信道传输数据和量子信号成为经济有效的方法。然而,弱量子密钥分发(QKD)信号容易受到来自经典交通的非线性干扰的影响,主要自发拉曼散射(SpRS)和四波混频(FWM),以及未滤波噪声。在QKD协议中,增加的信道损耗和额外噪声都会降低密钥率(SKRs),如本文所示,对于两种状态的BB84协议和高斯调制相干态(GMCS)协议。在本研究中,我们推导了用于评估量子频率通道中共存经典信号累积干扰功率的闭式表达式。我们的模型使单模光纤(SMF)中的经典-量子系统能够有效设计,捕捉相关物理现象引起的干扰演变。我们利用该模型检查多波段传输系统的频率分配,证明在相关场景中,与通常将QKD信道分配在O波段的做法相反,将量子信道置于上E波段/下S波段可实现更高的SKR。

英文摘要:

Classical-quantum coexistence enables cost-effective transmission of data and quantum signals over the same fiber-optic channel. Nevertheless, weak quantum-key distribution (QKD) signals are susceptible to non-linear interference generated from the classical traffic, primarily spontaneous Raman scattering (SpRS) and four-wave-mixing (FWM), as well as to unfiltered noise. In QKD protocols, increased channel loss and excess noise both reduce the secret key rates (SKRs), as illustrated in this work for the two-state BB84 and Gaussian-modulated coherent-states (GMCS) protocols. In this study, we derive closed-form expressions for evaluating the accumulated interference power from coexisting classical signals in a quantum frequency channel. Our model enables effective design of classical-quantum systems in single-mode fibers (SMFs), capturing the evolution of interference arising from the relevant physical phenomena. We utilize the model to examine frequency allocation in multiband transmission systems, demonstrating that, contrary to common practice of allocating QKD channels in the O-band, increased SKR is achieved by placing quantum channels in the upper E-/lower S-band across the relevant scenarios.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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