由压力梯度驱动的导热通量在非麦克斯韦分布参考态中
Conductive Heat Flux Driven by a Pressure Gradient in Non-Maxwellian Reference States
AI总结：
研究揭示在非麦克斯韦分布参考态中，压力梯度可驱动导热通量，挑战传统Navier-Stokes-Fourier理论的结论，提出非麦克斯韦均衡矩结构的动能特征。
摘要：
标准Navier-Stokes-Fourier理论和基于麦克斯韦分布的Grad 13-moment闭合方法在等温单组分气体的水动力学（小Knudsen数）范围内无法独立产生由压力梯度驱动的导热通量。这种缺失是特定于麦克斯韦局部平衡权重的。我们显示当闭合方法构建于具有有限四阶矩的广义类等熵非麦克斯韦参考权重（由单个形状参数（类似峰度的矩比）连续变形分布远离麦克斯韦分布）时，小Knudsen数的构成还原保留了bulk压力梯度（barothermal）对导热通量的贡献。该机制预测压力驱动的传导作为非麦克斯韦均衡矩结构的直接动能特征。
英文摘要：
Standard Navier--Stokes--Fourier theory and Maxwellian-based Grad 13-moment closures yield no independent pressure-gradient driving of the conductive heat flux in an isothermal, single-component gas in the hydrodynamic (small-Knudsen) regime. This absence is specific to the Maxwellian local-equilibrium weight. We show that when the closure is constructed about a generalized class of isotropic non-Maxwellian reference weights with finite fourth moment -- characterized by a single shape parameter (a kurtosis-like moment ratio) that deforms the distribution continuously away from a Maxwellian -- the small-Knudsen constitutive reduction retains a bulk pressure-gradient (barothermal) contribution to the conductive heat flux. This mechanism predicts pressure-driven conduction as a direct kinetic signature of non-Maxwellian equilibrium moment structure.
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