The Chemical Homogeneity of Single-Lined Spectroscopic Binaries in Open Clusters
University of Utah（犹他大学）；Texas Christian University（德克萨斯基督教大学）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；Steward Observatory, University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台）；Observatório Nacional（国家天文台）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute（平顿院计算天体物理中心）；American Museum of Natural History（美国自然历史博物馆）
Amaya Sinha, Gail Zasowski, Natalie R. Myers, Catherine Manea, Peter Frinchaboy, Katia Cunha, Johanna Müller-Horn, Yao-Yuan Mao, Aida Behmard, Joleen Carlberg, … 展开作者
Amaya Sinha, Gail Zasowski, Natalie R. Myers, Catherine Manea, Peter Frinchaboy, Katia Cunha, Johanna Müller-Horn, Yao-Yuan Mao, Aida Behmard, Joleen Carlberg, Julio Chanamé, Polly Frazer, Emily Griffith, Sarah Loebman, A. Roman-Lopes, Jonah Otto, Diogo Souto, Keivan Staussan, Guy S. Stringfellow
Using SDSS-V DR19 Milky Way Mapper APOGEE data, we measure the impact that close binarity has on surface chemistry across the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram in a broad set of abundances by studying single-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB1s) in open clusters. We derive binary membership and orbital parameters for 103 SB1s by analysing APOGEE radial velocities with The Joker and UltraNest. We perform a detailed abundance analysis with BACCHUS to derive abundances in fourteen chemical species: Si, Fe, C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Ni, Ce, and Nd. Leveraging the assumptions of chemical homogeneity in open clusters, we compare the surface abundances of SB1s to non-binary stars at similar evolutionary states. We find that a subset of binaries with significant UV excess have a $Δ$[C/N] that is 0.2--0.5 dex higher than expected, resulting in overestimated [C/N]-based ages for those stars. This points to pollution from an evolved companion and has implications for [C/N]-based age studies of the broader Milky Way. At the population level, we find that SB1s in our sample can be treated as statistically chemically homogeneous with their single-star counterparts, and we find no connection between orbital separation and chemical enrichment or depletion. We show that at separations up to ~5 pc, co-eval stars can be considered chemically homogeneous with one another within current abundance precisions, regardless of multiplicity.
We have developed a new method for spectral analysis of binaries. Our method successfully identifies SB2 candidates from high-resolution Gaia-ESO spectra. Compared to the commonly used cross-correlation function analysis, it works for binaries with rapidly rotating components. We test our method on synthetic and observational spectra of BAFG-stars in the open cluster M 11. We confirm five previously detected SB2 candidates and find 19 new ones. For three SB2 candidates we find circular orbits and obtain dynamical mass ratios.
We present the orbital solutions for four OB spectroscopic binaries, MT145, GSC 03161-00815, 2MASS J20294666+4105083, and Schulte 73, and the partial orbital solution to the B spectroscopic binary, MT372, as part of an ongoing study to determine the distribution of orbital parameters for massive binaries in the Cygnus OB2 Association. MT145 is a new, single-lined, moderately eccentric (e=0.291+/-0.009) spectroscopic binary with period of 25.140+/-0.008 days. GSC 03161-00815 is a slightly eccentric (e=0.10+/-0.01), eclipsing, interacting and double-lined spectroscopic binary with a period of 4.…
The most accurate stellar astrophysical parameters were collected from the solutions of the light and the radial velocity curves of 257 detached double-lined eclipsing binaries in the Milky Way. The catalogue contains masses, radii, surface gravities, effective temperatures, luminosities, projected rotational velocities of the component stars and the orbital parameters. The number of stars with accurate parameters increased 67 per cent in comparison to the most recent similar collection by Torres et al. (2010). Distributions of some basic parameters were investigated. The ranges of effective t…
We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to distinguish the double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s) from others based on single exposure medium-resolution spectra ($R\sim 7,500$). The training set consists of a large set of mock spectra of single stars and binaries synthesized based on the MIST stellar evolutionary model and ATLAS9 atmospheric model. Our model reaches a novel theoretic false positive rate by adding a proper penalty on the negative sample (e.g., 0.12\% and 0.16\% for the blue/red arm when the penalty parameter $Λ=16$). Tests show that the performance is as exp…
We aim to hunt for massive binaries hosting a black hole companion (OB+BH) and establish the natal mass-ratio distribution of massive stars at the subsolar metallicity environment of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We use the shift-and-add grid disentangling technique to characterize the hidden companions in 51 SB1 O-type and evolved B-type binaries in the LMC monitored in the framework of the Tarantula Massive Binary Monitoring (TMBM). Out of the 51 SB1 systems, 43 (84%) are found to have non-degenerate stellar companions, of which 28 are confident detections, and 15 are less certain (SB1: …
Massive stars are predominantly found in binaries and higher order multiples. While the period and eccentricity distributions of OB stars are now well established across different metallicity regimes, the determination of mass-ratios has been mostly limited to double-lined spectroscopic binaries. As a consequence, the mass-ratio distribution remains subject to significant uncertainties. Open questions include the shape and extent of the companion mass-function towards its low-mass end and the nature of undetected companions in single-lined spectroscopic binaries. In this contribution, we prese…
Eclipsing binaries are instrumental to our understanding of fundamental stellar parameters. With the arrival of ultra-wide cameras and large area photometric monitoring programs, numerous eclipsing binaries systems have been reported photometrically. However, due to the expensive efforts to follow up them spectroscopically, most of their basic properties remain unexplored. In this paper we exploited the eclipsing binary light curves delivered by the all-sky Catalina sky surveys, in tandem with the single shot spectroscopic survey from SDSS, and identify a double-lined M-dwarf eclipsing binary …
One of the high-level goals of Galactic archaeology is chemical tagging of stars across the Milky Way to piece together its assembly history. For this to work, stars born together must be uniquely chemically homogeneous. Wide binary systems are an important laboratory to test this underlying assumption. Here we present the detailed chemical abundance patterns of 50 stars across 25 wide binary systems comprised of main-sequence stars of similar spectral type identified in Gaia DR2 with the aim of quantifying their level of chemical homogeneity. Using high-resolution spectra obtained with McDona…
Aims. To search for these rare objects, we study 32 Galactic O-type stars that were reported as SB1s in the literature. In our sample we include Cyg X-1, which is known to host an accreting stellar-mass BH, and HD 74194, a supergiant fast X-ray transient, in order to validate our methodology. The final goal is to characterise the nature of the unseen companions to determine if they are MS stars, stripped helium stars, triples, or compact objects such as neutron stars or stellar-mass BHs. Methods. After measuring radial velocities and deriving orbital solutions for all the systems in our sample…
Comoving pairs, even at the separations of $\mathcal{O}(10^6)\,$AU, are a predicted reservoir of conatal stars. We present detailed chemical abundances of 62 stars in 31 comoving pairs with separations of $10^2 - 10^7\,$AU and 3D velocity differences $< 2 \mathrm{\ km \ s^{-1}}$. This sample includes both bound comoving pairs/wide binaries and unbound comoving pairs. Observations were taken using the MIKE spectrograph on the Magellan/Clay Telescope at high resolution ($\mathrm{R} \sim 45,000$) with a typical signal-to-noise ratio of 150 per pixel. With these spectra, we measure surface abundan…
We present a new method for the detection of double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2) using $v\sin{i}$ values from spectral fits. The method is tested on synthetic and real spectra from LAMOST-MRS. It can reliably detect SB2 candidates for double-lined binaries with $v\sin{i}_1+v\sin{i}_2<300\,km\,s^{-1}$ if the radial velocity separation is large enough. Using this method, we detect 2460 SB2 candidates, 1410 of which are new discoveries. We confirm the correlation between the radial velocity separation estimated by the binary model and $v\sin{i}_0$ estimated by the single star model using th…
We examine the spectroscopic binary population for two massive nearby regions of clustered star formation, the Orion Nebula Cluster and NGC 2264, supplementing the data presented by Tobin et al. (2009, 2015) with more recent observations and more extensive analysis. The inferred multiplicity fraction up to 10 AU based on these observations is $5.3\pm 1.2$% for NGC 2264 and $5.8\pm 1.1$% for the ONC; they are consistent with the distribution of binaries in the field in the relevant parameter range. Eight of the multiple systems in the sample have enough epochs to make an initial fit for the orb…
We search for compact objects in binaries based on Gaia DR3. A sample of ten targets is derived under the conditions: radial velocity variable, low temperature ($T_{\rm eff} < 6000$ K), high mass function ($f(M_2) > 1 M_\odot$), and ellipsoidal-like light curves. Two targets have LAMOST spectroscopic observations, one of which is a double-lined spectroscopic binary. The observational data of seven targets are not self-consistent, since their photometric periods are even shorter than the theoretical minimum orbital periods calculated by the stellar parameters from Gaia DR3. After excluding thes…
