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arXiv 2602.15080quant-ph
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量子逻辑门的几何学

Geometry of Quantum Logic Gates

Wilczek Quantum Center, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiaotong University(上海交大物理与天文学院、吴健雄量子中心)

M. W. AlMasri

AI总结:

本文研究量子逻辑门在全纯表示下的几何结构,推导出通用量子门的微分算子表示,并展示其保持物理子空间。通过单位幅值变量揭示了双曲空间,并探讨了纠缠的几何特性。

摘要:

在本文中,我们研究量子逻辑门在量子力学全纯表示中的几何结构。我们首先将物理量子比特子空间嵌入到每个Schwinger玻色子对(z_{a_j}, z_{b_j})均为一次齐次的全纯函数空间中。在此框架下,我们推导出一组通用量子门的显式闭式微分算子表示,包括Pauli算子、Hadamard门、CNOT门、CZ门和SWAP门,并证明它们精确保持物理子空间。限制于单位幅值变量(|z|=1)揭示了一个双曲空间T^{2N},其中量子门作用为规范变换:Pauli算子生成哈密顿流,Hadamard门诱导非线性自同构,纠缠门产生耦合不同双曲因子的关联微分同胚。除了双曲面之外,完整的Segal-Bargmann空间携带自然的Kähler几何结构,支配振幅动力学。纠缠通过Segre嵌入到复射影空间中几何地表征,而拓扑保护源于与Jordan-Schwinger约束相关的U(1)^N纤维丛结构。

英文摘要:

In this work, we investigate the geometry of quantum logic gates within the holomorphic representation of quantum mechanics. We begin by embedding the physical qubit subspace into the space of holomorphic functions that are homogeneous of degree one in each Schwinger boson pair $(z_{a_j}, z_{b_j})$. Within this framework, we derive explicit closed-form differential operator representations for a universal set of quantum gates, including the Pauli operators, Hadamard, CNOT, CZ, and SWAP, and demonstrate that they preserve the physical subspace exactly. Restricting to unit-magnitude variables ($|z| = 1$) reveals a toroidal space $\mathbb{T}^{2N}$, on which quantum gates act as canonical transformations: Pauli operators generate Hamiltonian flows, the Hadamard gate induces a nonlinear automorphism, and entangling gates produce correlated diffeomorphisms that couple distinct toroidal factors. Beyond the torus, the full Segal--Bargmann space carries a natural Kähler geometry that governs amplitude dynamics. Entanglement is geometrically characterized via the Segre embedding into complex projective space, while topological protection arises from the $U(1)^N$ fiber bundle structure associated with the Jordan--Schwinger constraint.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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