合成霍尔环的实现：利用极化玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体
Realization of a Synthetic Hall Torus with a Topological Charge Pump in a Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensate
AI总结：
利用极化玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在环形陷阱中实现合成霍尔环，通过控制相位实现密度调制，研究量子霍尔物理和拓扑现象。
摘要：
我们报告了首次利用极化玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在环形陷阱中实现合成霍尔环的实验。通过周期性地耦合三个超精细自旋态，我们施加了合成维度中的周期性边界条件，与实空间环形陷阱相结合，实现了具有合成磁通量的环形几何结构。这种磁通量诱导了凝聚体中的径向密度调制，其周期性由量化的环形磁通量唯一决定，这是霍尔环几何结构的特征。通过改变耦合之间相位的相对相位，在多次实验运行中控制密度极值的位置，模拟了环形几何中汤夫利电荷泵的行为。我们进一步研究了系统从圆柱形到环形拓扑结构过渡时这些调制的出现。我们的结果建立了一个多功能平台，用于研究量子霍尔物理和拓扑现象在合成弯曲空间中的行为。
英文摘要：
We report the first experimental realization of a synthetic Hall torus using a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a ring-shaped trap with in situ imaging. By cyclically coupling three hyperfine spin states via Raman and microwave fields, we impose a periodic boundary condition in the synthetic dimension, which, together with a real-space ring trap, realizes a toroidal geometry with synthetic magnetic flux penetrating the surface. This flux induces azimuthal density modulations whose periodicity is uniquely determined by the quantized toroidal flux, a hallmark of the Hall torus. We then implement a topological charge pump by adiabatically varying an axial flux through the torus, inducing quantized azimuthal transport of the atoms. We further investigate the onset of these modulations as the system transitions from cylindrical to toroidal topology. Our results establish a versatile platform for exploring quantum Hall physics and topological phenomena in synthetic curved spaces.
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