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通过JUNO的$U(1)_\text{D}$门户寻找宇宙线产生的暗介子

Search for Cosmic-Ray Produced Dark Meson via the $U(1)_\text{D}$ Portal at JUNO

College of Physics, Sichuan University(四川大学物理学院);Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid-State Optoelectronic Devices, Zhejiang Normal University(浙江师范大学固态光电器件省级重点实验室);Institute of Physics, Henan Academy of Sciences(河南省科学院物理研究所)

Zirong Chen, Dan Chi, Jinmian Li, Junle Pei

AI总结:

研究大气中暗介子的产生与探测,通过$U(1)_\text{D}$矢量门户耦合暗区与标准模型,采用夸克组合模型描述暗强子化,模拟JUNO中的暗介子通量与相互作用,给出耦合强度的预期灵敏度。

摘要:

我们在通过$U(1)_{\text{D}}$矢量门户与标准模型(SM)耦合的禁闭暗区框架下,研究了亚GeV暗介子的大气产生及其后续探测。大气中的高能宇宙线相互作用通过质子轫致辐射、标准模型介子的稀有衰变以及Drell-Yan过程产生暗夸克,这些暗夸克随后强子化为暗介子。我们采用修正的夸克组合模型来描述非微扰的暗强子化过程,从而能够对暗介子通量进行详细的事件级表征。我们使用GENIE发生器模拟这些相对论性暗介子在江门地下中微子观测站(JUNO)中的通量和相互作用,考虑了与原子核的弹性散射和深度非弹性散射通道。采用基于LES的保守信号定义,要求可见能量$15~\mathrm{MeV}<E_{\rm vis}<100~\mathrm{MeV}$并排除含有末态中微子的事件,我们推导了在$20~\mathrm{kton}\cdot\mathrm{year}$曝光量下暗规范玻色子与SM扇区耦合强度的预期$90\\%$置信水平灵敏度。对于代表性基准质量$m_{Z^\prime}=0.001$、$0.01$和$0.1~\mathrm{GeV}$,JUNO的预期灵敏度分别对应$g_{\rm SM}^{90}=6.48\times10^{-5}$、$7.75\times10^{-5}$和$2.37\times10^{-4}$。我们发现该灵敏度对强子化参数的量级变化(如$\kappa_\beta=1/3,1,3$所示)仅具有轻微敏感性。

英文摘要:

We investigate the atmospheric production and subsequent detection of sub-GeV dark mesons within the framework of a confining dark sector coupled to the Standard Model (SM) via a $U(1)_{\text{D}}$ vector portal. High-energy cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere produce dark quarks through proton bremsstrahlung, rare decays of Standard Model mesons, and Drell-Yan processes, which subsequently hadronize into dark mesons. We adopt a modified Quark Combination Model to describe the non-perturbative dark hadronization process, allowing for a detailed event-level characterization of the dark meson flux. We simulate the flux and the interactions of these relativistic dark mesons in the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) using the GENIE generator, considering both elastic scattering off nuclei and deep inelastic scattering channels. Adopting a LES-inspired conservative signal definition with $15~\mathrm{MeV}<E_{\rm vis}<100~\mathrm{MeV}$ and vetoing events containing final-state neutrons, we derive projected $90\%$ C.L. sensitivities to the coupling strength between the dark gauge boson and the SM sector for a $20~\mathrm{kton}\!\cdot\!\mathrm{year}$ exposure. For the representative benchmark masses $m_{Z^\prime}=0.001$, $0.01$, and $0.1~\mathrm{GeV}$, the projected JUNO reach corresponds to $g_{\rm SM}^{90}=6.48\times10^{-5}$, $7.75\times10^{-5}$, and $2.37\times10^{-4}$, respectively. This reach is found to be only mildly sensitive to order-one variations of the hadronization parameter, as illustrated by the choices $κ_β=1/3,\,1,$ and $3$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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