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arXiv 2602.11258quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.str-el
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用任意子进行量子计算是容错的

Quantum computing with anyons is fault tolerant

Harvard University(哈佛大学);IBM Quantum, T. J. Watson Research Center(IBM量子,T.J.沃森研究中心);IBM Denmark(IBM丹麦)

Anasuya Lyons, Benjamin J. Brown

AI总结:

本文提出了一种基于任意子编织的容错量子计算方案,通过错误校正实现鲁棒的通用量子计算。

摘要:

在开创性工作(arXiv:quant-ph/9707021)中,Alexei Kitaev提出了拓扑量子计算(arXiv:cond-mat/0010440,arXiv:quant-ph/9707021,arXiv:quant-ph/0001108,arXiv:0707.1889),其中量子计算机的逻辑门通过在二维平面上创建、编织和融合任意子粒子来实现。此外,他证明了该提议在任意子作为拓扑有序晶格模型在零温度下的准粒子激发时,本质上对局部扰动具有鲁棒性(arXiv:cond-mat/0010440,arXiv:quant-ph/9707021,arXiv:1001.0344,arXiv:1001.4363)。在随后的几十年中,围绕构建容错量子计算机的技术发展取得了显著进展。而不是在零温度下维持某种目标基态,现代方法是主动纠正目标状态所经历的错误,其中我们使用噪声量子电路元件来识别并随后纠正偏离理想状态的偏差。我们提出了一种错误校正方案,使我们能够通过编织任意子进行稳健的通用量子计算。我们证明,只要电路元件的局部噪声水平低于某个阈值,该方案可以在足够大的设备上执行,假设故障率可以任意小。因此,我们开发的错误校正方案使我们能够利用目前正在开发的现代量子硬件,进行容错的拓扑量子计算。

英文摘要:

In seminal work (arxiv:quant-ph/9707021) Alexei Kitaev proposed topological quantum computing (arXiv:cond-mat/0010440, arxiv:quant-ph/9707021, arXiv:quant-ph/0001108, arXiv:0707.1889), whereby logic gates of a quantum computer are conducted by creating, braiding and fusing anyonic particles on a two-dimensional plane. Furthermore, he showed the proposal is inherently robust to local perturbations (arXiv:cond-mat/0010440, arxiv:quant-ph/9707021, arXiv:1001.0344, arXiv:1001.4363) when anyons are created as quasiparticle excitations of a topologically ordered lattice model prepared at zero temperature. Over the decades following this proposal there have been considerable technological developments towards the construction of a fault-tolerant quantum computer. Rather than maintaining some target ground state at zero temperature, a modern approach is to actively correct the errors a target state experiences, where we use noisy quantum circuit elements to identify and subsequently correct for deviations from the ideal state. We present an error-correction scheme that enables us to carry out robust universal quantum computation by braiding anyons. We show that our scheme can be carried out on a suitably large device with an arbitrarily small failure rate assuming circuit elements are below some threshold level of local noise. The error-corrected scheme we have developed therefore enables us to carry out fault-tolerant topological quantum computation using modern quantum hardware that is now under development.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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