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arXiv 2602.11229cs.AIcs.LG
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潜在生成求解器用于通用的长期物理模拟

Latent Generative Solvers for Generalizable Long-Term Physics Simulation

Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院)

Zituo Chen, Sili Deng

AI总结:

本文提出潜在生成求解器(LGS),通过物理变分自编码器、分层流强迫变换器和训练中的输入噪声,实现了对异构PDE家族的泛化和长序列稳定性,有效提升了物理模拟的性能。

摘要:

可靠的物理模拟需要同时具备跨异构PDE家族的泛化能力和长自回归滚动下的稳定性,而现有的神经PDE求解器无法同时满足。本文提出潜在生成求解器(LGS),包含三个耦合组件:(i)将十二个PDE家族压缩到共享潜在流形的物理变分自编码器;(ii)通过流匹配生成下一个潜在状态的分层流强迫变换器,该变换器基于轨迹上下文进行条件生成;(iii)训练中的输入噪声,通过推导充分条件收缩界解释了观察到的长周期稳定性。在250万轨迹、16系统数据集上预训练后,LGS在一步时与最强确定性基线相当,在5-10步滚动中胜出15/16系统,将20步L2RE从56.1%降至30.2%,并且使用13-77倍更少的递归动态步计算。此外,它能高效适应256²的Kolmogorov流,五次微调后1步L2RE从0.398降至0.129,优于U-AFNO的0.653→0.343。

英文摘要:

Reliable physics simulation demands two capabilities that today's neural PDE solvers do not deliver together: generalization across heterogeneous PDE families, and stability under long autoregressive rollouts. Deterministic operators accumulate error geometrically, while existing probabilistic solvers are confined to a single PDE family or short horizons. We close this gap with the \textbf{Latent Generative Solver} (LGS), three coupled components: (i) a Physics VAE (PhyVAE) compressing twelve PDE families into a shared latent manifold; (ii) a Pyramidal Flow-Forcing Transformer (PFlowFT) that generates the next latent by flow matching, conditioned on a per-trajectory context updated on the model's own predictions; and (iii) input noising during training, for which we derive a sufficient-condition contraction bound explaining the observed long-horizon stability. Pretrained on a 2.5\,M-trajectory, 16-system corpus at $128^2$, LGS matches the strongest deterministic baseline at one step, wins on 15/16 systems at both 5- and 10-step rollout, cuts 20-step L2RE from $56.1\%$ to $\mathbf{30.2\%}$, and uses $\mathbf{13}$--$\mathbf{77\times}$ less recurrent dynamics-step compute. It also adapts efficiently to a $256^2$ Kolmogorov flow held out from the pretraining corpus, dropping 1-step L2RE from $0.398$ to $0.129$ in five finetune epochs against U-AFNO's $0.653{\to}0.343$. These empirical claims are limited to the evaluated 2D regular-grid systems and discrete horizons.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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