We present a detailed benchmark comparing two state-of-the-art phase-field implementations for simulating alloy solidification under experimentally relevant conditions. The study investigates the directional solidification of Al-3wt%Cu under high-velocity solidification conditions and SCN-0.46wt% camphor under microgravity conditions from National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) DECLIC-DSI-R experiments. Both codes, one employing finite-difference discretization with uniform mesh and GPU-acceleration (GPU-PF) and the other one employing finite-element discretization with adaptive-mesh and CPU-parallelization (PRISMS-PF), solve the same quantitative phase-field formulation that incorporates an anti-trapping current for the solidification of dilute alloys. We evaluate the predictions of each code for dendritic morphology, primary spacing, and tip dynamics in both 2D and 3D, as well as their numerical convergence and computational performance. While existing benchmark problems have primarily focused on simplified or small-scale simulations, they do not reflect the computational and modeling challenges posed by employing experimentally relevant time and length scales. Our results provide a practical framework for assessing phase-field code performance as well as validating and facilitating their application in integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) workflows that require integration with realistic experimental data.
Real-time quantification of fluid flows around bubbles during directional solidification
Université Lyon 1, CNRS Institut Lumière Matière UMR5306(里昂第一大学,CNRS光与物质研究所);Sciences et Ingénierie de La Matière Molle UMR 7615, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités(软物质科学与工程UMR 7615,巴黎高等物理化工学院,PSL研究大学,CNRS,索邦大学)
Phase-field modeling of microstructural pattern formation during directional solidification of peritectic alloys without morphological instability
在包晶合金定向凝固过程中,两个稳定的固相(母相和包晶相)竞争生长成亚稳液相,其杂质含量大于任何一个固相。当母相或两个固相在形态上不稳定时,即,对于小的温度梯度/生长速率比($G/v_p$),一个固相通常生长出并覆盖另一个相,导致与在稀二元合金的单相凝固过程中形成的胞状-枝晶阵列结构非常类似的胞状-枝晶阵列结构。相反,当$G/v_p$大到足以使两相形态稳定时,微结构的形成受到两个固相的成核和生长之间的微妙相互作用的控制。在这种情况下观察到的结构(在对流效应被抑制的小样品中)包括垂直于生长方向的母相和周相的交替层(带),其通过一个相交替成核和横向扩散到另一个相上而形成,如最近的模型[R. Trivedi,Metall. Mater. A 26,1(1995)],以及部分填充的带(岛),其中周晶相不完全覆盖连续生长的母相。我们开发了一个相场模型,结合成核过程,以探索这些结构的形成的周向凝固。该模型的模拟揭示了从岛屿到乐队的形态过渡,在母相上的成核后,这原来是由一个显着的恒定的加速度,和生长形态的类型,人们可能会期望在纯扩散生长条件下观察到的大样品的周边相的传播的动态。
Quantitative Phase Field Model of Alloy Solidification
我们提出了一个详细的推导和薄界面分析相场模型,可以准确地模拟微观结构的斑图形成的低速定向凝固的稀二元合金。相对于先前的相场模型的这一进步是通过在质量守恒关系中添加唯象的“反捕获”溶质流来实现的[A。Karma,Phys. Rev. Lett 87,115701(2001)]。这种反捕获电流抵消物理,虽然人为的大,溶质捕获效应时产生的介观界面厚度被用来模拟实验长度和时间尺度上的界面演变。此外,当固体和液体中的扩散率不相等时,它在模型中提供了额外的自由度,以抑制与该厚度成比例的其他虚假效应[R. F. Almgren,SIAM J. Appl. Math 59,2086(1999)],其包括表面扩散和对Stefan条件的曲率校正。这种自由度也可以用来使界面的动力学过冷度任意小,甚至对于界面厚度和相场弛豫时间的介观值也是如此,就像对于纯熔体的凝固一样[A.卡玛和W J. Rappel,Phys.Rev.E53,R3017(1996)]。该模型的性能表明,通过精确计算的第一次内的相场方法的Mullins-Sekerka稳定性谱的平面界面和非线性细胞的形状为现实的合金参数和生长条件。
Microstructural and Mechanistic Insights into the Tension-Compression Asymmetry of Rapidly Solidified Fe-Cr Alloys: A Phase Field and Strain Gradient Plasticity Study