arXiv 2602.096012026-02-10astro-ph.EP

73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3尘埃尾作为捕获离子源

Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3's Dust Trail as a Source of Pickup Ions

The Centre for Planetary Sciences at UCL/Birkbeck（伦敦大学学院/伯贝克行星科学中心）；University of New Hampshire（新罕布什尔大学）

Samuel R. Grant, Geraint H. Jones, Antoinette B. Galvin

备注：: 13 pages, 7 figures

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AI总结：

研究发现73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3的尘埃尾是捕获离子的重要来源，通过太阳风测量和碎片位置分析证实了这一结论。

摘要：

73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3是一颗短周期彗星，近年来经历了多次碎裂事件。2006年5月至6月，该彗星接近地球时，多个碎片向太阳方向远离地球-太阳拉格朗日点1，同时ACE和Wind航天器上的仪器检测到彗星捕获离子，暗示了离子尾的交叉。此外，2011年8月，一个碎片直接向太阳方向经过STEREO-B航天器。证明彗星离子的来源是碎片73P-AM。利用太阳风速度测量来推断太阳风在三维空间中的流动，并与已知的彗星和彗星碎片位置进行比较，以估计彗星离子尾与航天器之间的距离。使用这种方法，显示了主要彗星碎片与航天器的对齐情况不佳，不利于通过太阳风运输彗星离子，但接近程度足以使航天器浸入围绕扩展尘埃尾的弥漫离子尾中，其中核碎片存在。这表明，在此距离下，扩展的彗星尘埃尾是73P彗星离子的重要来源。

英文摘要：

73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3 is a short-period comet that has undergone multiple fragmentation events in the last few decades. During May-June 2006, while passing near Earth, multiple fragments of comet 73P passed sunward of Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 1, while cometary pickup ions were detected concurrently by instruments on both the ACE and Wind spacecraft, implying the crossing of one or more ion tail. Additionally, during August 2011, a fragment of 73P passed directly sunward of spacecraft STEREO-B. A detection of cometary ions is shown to originate at fragment 73P-AM. Solar wind velocity measurements are used to extrapolate the flow of the solar wind in 3 dimensions and, when compared with the positions of known comets and cometary fragments, estimate the separation between the cometary ion tail and the spacecraft. Using this technique, it is shown that the alignment of the major cometary fragments with the spacecraft was poor for the transport of cometary ions via the solar wind, but the encounter was near enough for immersion in the diffuse ion tail surrounding an extended dust trail within which the nucleus fragments reside. This implies that, at this distance, the extended trail of cometary debris was a significant source of cometary ions in the case of comet 73P.

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