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arXiv 2602.09575quant-phmath-phmath.MP
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通过振幅-相位分离实现非幺正动力学的量子模拟

Quantum Simulation of Non-Unitary Dynamics via Amplitude-Phase Separation

School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学数学科学学院);Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学自然研究院);Ministry of Education (MOE) Funded Key Lab of Scientific and Engineering Computing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学教育部科学与工程计算重点实验室)

Qitong Hu, Shi Jin

AI总结:

本文提出振幅-相位分离(APS)框架,用于处理非幺正动力学,通过分离相干和耗散效应,提高了量子模拟的效率和准确性,同时统一解释了多种代表性方法。

摘要:

线性非幺正动力学出现在开放量子系统、非厄米特模型和数值演算问题中,但当前的量子算法在设计层面无法清晰分离相干和耗散效应。我们引入振幅-相位分离(APS),一种具有两种互补形式的分解框架:相驱动的APS分离幺正部分并将其映射到厄米特问题,而振幅驱动的APS提取厄米特部分并将剩余相互作用分开。对于时间不变的动力学,两种路线在同一个框架内捕捉互补优势:相驱动的APS产生加法而非乘法的容忍依赖性,而振幅驱动的APS在多尺度情况下产生平方根耗散缩放。APS还提供了一种统一解释代表性方法(包括LCHS(线性哈密顿量模拟)和NDME(非对角密度矩阵编码))的解释,并澄清了相干和耗散瓶颈如何进入非幺正模拟。基准测试确认了在对流-扩散和布洛赫-弛豫模型中相驱动和振幅驱动优势之间的预测交叉点。

英文摘要:

Linear non-unitary dynamics arise in open quantum systems, non-Hermitian models, and numerical evolution problems, yet current quantum algorithms do not cleanly separate coherent and dissipative effects at the design level. We introduce Amplitude-Phase Separation (APS), a decomposition framework with two complementary forms: phase-driven APS isolates the unitary component and maps the remainder to a Hermitian problem, whereas amplitude-driven APS extracts the Hermitian component and treats the remaining interaction separately. For time-independent dynamics, the two routes capture complementary advantages within one framework: phase-driven APS yields additive rather than multiplicative tolerance dependence, while amplitude-driven APS yields square-root dissipative scaling in multiscale regimes. APS also provides a unified interpretation of representative methods, including LCHS (Linear Combination of Hamiltonian Simulation) and NDME (Non-Diagonal Density Matrix Encoding), and clarifies where coherent and dissipative bottlenecks enter non-unitary simulation. The benchmarks confirm the predicted crossover between phase-driven and amplitude-driven advantages in advection-diffusion and Bloch-relaxation models.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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