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arXiv 2602.08461cs.LG
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估计因果治疗效应中的 aleatoric 不确定性

Estimating Aleatoric Uncertainty in the Causal Treatment Effect

Secondmind;Dartmouth Engineering(达特茅斯工程)

Liyuan Xu, Bijan Mazaheri

AI总结:

本文提出通过非参数核估计器估计因果治疗效应中的 aleatoric 不确定性,证明其在存在未观测混杂因素时的可识别性,并在实验中验证了方法的有效性。

摘要:

以往因果推断的研究主要集中在治疗效应的平均值和条件平均值上,对个体治疗反应中的变异性和不确定性关注较少。本文引入了治疗效应的方差(VTE)和条件治疗效应的方差(CVTE)作为治疗反应中固有 aleatoric 不确定性的自然度量,并证明在弱假设下,这些量可以从观测数据中识别出来,即使存在未观测的混杂因素。我们进一步提出了基于非参数核的估计器来估计 VTE 和 CVTE,并通过理论分析建立了其收敛性。我们还通过广泛的实证实验测试了我们方法在合成和半模拟数据集上的性能,结果显示其优于或与 naive 基线方法相当。

英文摘要:

Previous work on causal inference has primarily focused on averages and conditional averages of treatment effects, with significantly less attention on variability and uncertainty in individual treatment responses. In this paper, we introduce the variance of the treatment effect (VTE) and conditional variance of treatment effect (CVTE) as the natural measure of aleatoric uncertainty inherent in treatment responses, and we demonstrate that these quantities are identifiable from observed data under mild assumptions, even in the presence of unobserved confounders. We further propose nonparametric kernel-based estimators for VTE and CVTE, and our theoretical analysis establishes their convergence. We also test the performance of our method through extensive empirical experiments on both synthetic and semi-simulated datasets, where it demonstrates superior or comparable performance to naive baselines.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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