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arXiv 2602.08200astro-ph.EPastro-ph.IMastro-ph.SR
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JWST光谱检索冷直接成像行星WD0806 b及其在系外行星大气中首次测量海拔依赖性K$_{zz}$

JWST spectral retrieval of cold directly imaged planet WD0806 b and the first measurement of altitude-dependent K$_{zz}$ in exoplanet atmospheres

Bay Area Environmental Research Institute(湾区环境研究所);NASA Ames Research Center(美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心);NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC)(NASA系外行星科学研究所,红外处理与分析中心);Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学月球与行星实验室);University of California Santa Cruz(加州大学圣克鲁兹分校);Steward Observatory, University of Arizona(亚利桑那大学斯图尔德天文台);NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics(NRC赫尔茨伯格天文学与天体物理学研究所);Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria(维多利亚大学物理与天文学系);Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校天文学系)
Ben W. P. Lew, Thomas Roellig, Natasha E. Batalha, Nicholas F. Wogan, Thomas Greene, Mark S. Marley, Jonathan J. Fortney, Jarron Leisenring, Doug Johnstone, Mat… 展开作者

Ben W. P. Lew, Thomas Roellig, Natasha E. Batalha, Nicholas F. Wogan, Thomas Greene, Mark S. Marley, Jonathan J. Fortney, Jarron Leisenring, Doug Johnstone, Matthew De Furio, Klaus Hodapp, Charles Beichman, Marcia Rieke

AI总结:

JWST光谱检索冷直接成像行星WD0806 b,首次测量其大气中海拔依赖性K$_{zz}$

摘要:

WD0806 b是一个罕见的围绕白矮星运行的系外行星,目前其投影轨道距离为2500 au。斯皮策中红外光度计数据表明,其温度低至350K,使其成为已知最冷的直接成像系外行星之一。本文中,我们利用詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜(JWST)的近红外相机(NIRCam)F150W2、F200W、F356W和F444W宽带光度计数据以及近红外光谱仪(NIRSpec)G395M光谱,开发了一种基于开源PICASO软件的新检索框架,该框架包含加性和乘性系统参数。我们的检索结果揭示了H₂S、CO₂、CO、NH₃、H₂O和CH₄的有界丰度。我们提出了一种新的化学分析框架,利用检索到的丰度来测量多层压力下的海拔依赖性涡旋扩散系数(K$_{zz}$)。我们发现,随着大气压力从50巴降至20巴,涡旋扩散系数从约10⁴降至10² cm²/s。据我们所知,这是首次基于测量的CO、CH₄和CO₂分子丰度报告海拔依赖性垂直混合(或等效地,淬灭物种依赖性垂直混合)。利用1-21μm NIRCam、NIRSpec和之前发表的MIRI数据,我们测得光度为log(L/L$_{\odot}$) = -6.75±0.01,并推导出质量为8±1 M_J。检索结果表明,目标具有升高的C/O比值为0.76,或1.3倍太阳,次太阳金属度([M/H] = -0.25),以及几乎太阳的C/S比值(1.17倍太阳)

英文摘要:

WD0806 b is a rare exoplanet companion orbiting a white dwarf, currently with a projected orbital distance of 2500 au. The Spitzer mid-IR photometry suggests that the temperature is as cold as 350K, making it one of the coldest directly imaged exoplanets. In this paper, we present the Near-infrared Camera (NIRCam) F150W2, F200W, F356W, and F444W broadband photometry and a 3--5\um Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIRSpec) G395M spectrum obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We develop a new retrieval framework based on the open-source PICASO software that includes additive and multiplicative systematic parameters. Our retrieval results reveal bounded abundances of H$_2$S, CO$_2$, CO, NH$_3$, H$_2$O, and CH$_4$. We present a new chemical analysis framework that utilizes retrieved abundances to measure altitude-dependent eddy diffusion coefficients (K$_{\mathrm zz}$) at multiple quenched pressures. We find that the eddy diffusion coefficients decrease from around $10^4$ to $10^2$ $\rm cm^2/s$ as the atmospheric pressure decreases from from 50 to 20 bars. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report altitude-dependent vertical mixing (or, equivalently, quenched-species-dependent vertical mixing) based on the measured molecular abundances of CO, CH$_4$, and CO$_2$. With the 1--21\um NIRCam, NIRSpec and the previously published MIRI data, we measure the bolometric luminosity to be log(L/L$_{\odot}$) = $-6.75\pm0.01$ and derive the mass to be $8\pm 1 \mathrm{M_J}$. The retrieval results suggest that \target has an elevated C/O ratio of 0.76, or 1.3$\times$ solar, sub-solar metallicity ([M/H ]= -0.25), and a nearly solar C/S ratio (1.17x solar).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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