多信使搜索：附近微类星体对宇宙射线驼峰区的贡献
A Multi-messenger Search for a Nearby Microquasar Contributor to the Cosmic Ray Knee
AI总结：
研究通过多信使搜索发现，一个位于反银河系心方向的微类星体可能主导宇宙射线驼峰区的观测特征。
摘要：
最近，LHAASO已确认五颗微类星体，分别与SS 433、V4641 Sgr、GRS 1915+105、MAXI J1820+070和Cygnus X-1相关。除了Cygnus X-1外，这些源发射的伽马射线最大能量均超过100 TeV，强烈表明微类星体能够将宇宙射线粒子加速到PeV以上的能量范围。本研究基于上述源的伽马射线观测数据，结合宇宙射线质子、氦和全粒子能谱以及各向异性观测数据，探讨宇宙射线驼峰区的起源。计算表明，这些已知源对宇宙射线驼峰区的贡献可以忽略不计。然而，进一步联合分析表明，一个位于反银河系心方向约2.6千 parsec尺度区域的微类星体可以合理再现观测到的宇宙射线质子、氦和全粒子能谱，以及地球附近检测到的各向异性特征。我们提出该区域可能包含一个或多个未识别的微类星体或类似系统，其加速的宇宙射线可能主导驼峰区的观测特征。
英文摘要：
Recently, LHAASO has detected five microquasars with high confidence, which are associated with SS 433, V4641 Sgr, GRS 1915+105, MAXI J1820+070, and Cygnus X-1, respectively. Except for Cygnus X-1, the maximum energies of gamma-ray photons emitted from these sources all exceed 100 TeV, strongly suggesting that microquasars are capable of accelerating cosmic-ray particles to energies above the PeV range. This work investigates the origin of the cosmic-ray knee region based on gamma-ray observational data from the aforementioned sources, combined with cosmic-ray proton, helium, and all-particle energy spectra, as well as anisotropy observations. Calculations indicate that these known sources contribute negligibly to the cosmic-ray knee region. However, further joint analysis reveals that a single microquasar located in a region approximately on the 2.6 kiloparsec scale in the anti-Galactic center direction can reasonably reproduce the observed cosmic-ray proton, helium, and all-particle energy spectra, as well as anisotropy features detected near Earth. We propose that this region may host one or several unidentified microquasars or similar systems, whose accelerated cosmic rays could dominate the observational characteristics of the knee region.
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