"PeVatrons" refer to astrophysical sources capable of accelerating particles to energies around $10^{15}$ electron volts and higher, potentially contributing to the cosmic ray spectrum in the knee region. Recently, LHAASO has discovered a large number of PeVatrons, allowing us to investigate in greater depth the contributions of these sources to cosmic rays above the knee region. However, high-energy gamma rays undergo attenuation due to interactions with the interstellar radiation field and cosmic microwave background radiation, requiring corrections to restore the true spectral characteristics at the source. In this study, using interstellar radiation field model extracted from galprop code, we quantitatively calculated the spectral absorption effects of sources listed in the first LHAASO source catalog, with some sources showing absorption reaching 30\% at 100 TeV and 80\% at 3 PeV. We also calculated the high energy gamma ray absorption effects of Galactic microquasars, which are potential PeVatrons. By calculating the absorption effects, it will help differentiate the radiation mechanisms of the acceleration sources.
Institutt for fysikk, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway(挪威特隆赫姆挪威科技大学物理系);Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany(德国慕尼黑工业大学自然科学学院物理系)
Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía (CCT La Plata, CONICET(阿根廷射电天文研究所);CICPBA(拉普拉塔国立大学天文与地球物理学院);UNLP)(巴塞罗那大学宇宙科学研究所);Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata;Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICC), Universitat de Barcelona (IEEC-UB)
X-ray Binaries: a potential dominant contributor to the cosmic ray spectral knee structure
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院高能物理研究所);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台);Southwest Jiaotong University(西南交通大学);Tangshan University(唐山学院);TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center(天府宇宙线研究中心)
Measuring the Astrophysical Galactic Plane Neutrino Flux and Searching for Galactic PeVatrons using the IceCube Multi-Flavor Astrophysical Neutrino Sample
Microquasar Cygnus X-3 as the PeVatron powering the Cygnus Bubble
University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);Yerevan State University(埃里温国立大学);TIANFU Cosmic Ray Research Center(天府宇宙线研究中心);Max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics(马克斯·普朗克核物理研究所)
Exotic PeVatrons as sources of ultra-high-energy gamma rays
Center for Theoretical Physics, College of Physics, Sichuan University(四川大学物理学院理论物理中心);INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati(意大利国家核物理研究所弗拉斯卡蒂国家实验室);Dipartimento di Fisica ”E. Pancini”, Università di Napoli ”Federico II”(那不勒斯费德里科二世大学E. Pancini物理系);Scuola Superiore Meridionale(南方高等学院);Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli(意大利国家核物理研究所那不勒斯分部)
A Self-Consistent Model of the Ultra High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission of Pulsar Wind Nebulae: Insights from LHAASO and ATNF Catalogs
Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交大李政道研究所);School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学物理与天文学院);APC, Université Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/IRFU, Observatoire de Paris(巴黎西岱大学 APC 实验室)
Magnetic rigidity reveals the PeVatron acceleration region in SS 433
School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University(中山大学物理与天文学院);State Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, CAS(中国科学院新疆天文台射电天文与技术国家重点实验室);School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学天文学与空间科学学院);Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences(孔科利天文台,匈牙利研究与教育网络天文学与地球科学研究中心);Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Radio Astrophysics, Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, CAS(中国科学院新疆天文台射电天体物理学新疆重点实验室)
The unidentified PeV source LHAASO J2108+5157: A microquasar remnant?
Universidad de Jaén(哈恩大学);Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía (CCT La Plata, CONICET(阿根廷射电天文研究所);CICPBA(拉普拉塔国立大学天文与地球科学学院);UNLP)(巴塞罗那大学);Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata;Universitat de Barcelona
Multimessenger Concordance for the Cygnus Region as the Source of the Cosmic-Ray Knee
Gran Sasso Science Institute(格兰萨索科学研究所);INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso(意大利国家核物理研究所,格兰萨索国家实验室);The Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学);Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics(京都大学汤川理论物理研究所);University of L’Aquila(拉奎拉大学);INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切特里天文台);Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交通大学)
Revisiting the XMM-Newton Observations of the Galactic Microquasar SS 433: Implications for the Origin of the Ultrahigh-Energy Emission Detected by LHAASO
School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University(南京大学天文与空间科学学院);Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University, Ministry of Education(南京大学现代天体学与天体物理教育部重点实验室);Tianfu Cosmic Ray Research Center(天府宇宙线研究中心)
Constraints on Hadronic Emission from Microquasars Detected by LHAASO
INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri(意大利国家天体物理研究所阿切尔西天文台);Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University(上海交大凌波书院);Université Paris Cité, CNRS, AstroParticule et Cosmologie(巴黎西岱大学法国国家科学研究中心粒子与宇宙学实验室)