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arXiv 2602.07330hep-th
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二维曲时空中的费米子对创建计算量子场论

Computational quantum field theory for fermion pair creation in 2-dimensional curved spacetimes

University of Namur(南纳穆尔大学);University of Plymouth(普利茅斯大学)

Mohammed Alkhateeb, James P. Edwards, Yves Caudano

AI总结:

本研究通过扩展计算量子场论框架,研究二维曲时空中的费米子对创建现象,并探讨其数值实现与影响因素。

摘要:

与著名的强电磁场中粒子/反粒子对产生现象(Schwinger效应)类似,非平凡物质场真空态可以被随时间变化的曲时空几何结构激发。这种引力对创建对应于假真空的隧穿。在本工作中,我们使用交互图景中的时空解析数值方法研究这种非微扰过程。为此,我们将允许对量子场进行高效数值时间演化的计算量子场论(CQFT)框架扩展到曲时空中的自旋-1/2费米子。使用此扩展框架,我们研究由时空曲率淬火诱导的狄拉克场真空激发。特别是,我们演算在由平直时空的光滑局部高斯变形生成的1+1维理想化曲时空中的费米子闵可夫斯基真空。真空激发通过计算相对于对应于平直时空(闵可夫斯基)的基底定义的费米子-反费米子对数来量化。我们分析激发如何依赖于曲率变形的强度和空间范围,并讨论CQFT在曲时空背景中的数值实现。虽然这里考虑的后淬火几何是静态的且不包含电磁场,但本工作为未来研究真正时间依赖的曲时空中的粒子创建以及在存在电磁背景下的研究奠定了基础。

英文摘要:

Similarly to the well-known phenomenon of particle / anti-particle pair production in strong electromagnetic fields (the Schwinger effect), the naïve matter field vacuum state can be excited by time-dependent, curved spacetime geometries. This gravitational pair creation corresponds to tunnelling out of a false vacuum. In this work, we study this non-perturbative process using a spacetime resolved numerical approach in the interaction picture. To achieve this, we extend the framework of Computational Quantum Field Theory (CQFT), which allows for efficient numerical time evolution of quantum fields, to spin-$1/2$ fermions in curved spacetime. Using this extended framework, we investigate vacuum excitation of a Dirac field induced by a spacetime-curvature quench. In particular, we evolve the fermionic Minkowski vacuum in a $1\!+\!1$-dimensional idealized curved spacetime characterized by a localized ``curvature bump'' generated by a smooth, localized Gaussian deformation of flat spacetime. Vacuum excitation is quantified by computing the fermion--antifermion pair numbers defined with respect to the basis corresponding to flat-spacetime (Minkowski) which is the asymptotic metric corresponding to an observor at infinity. We analyze how the excitation depends on the strength and spatial extent of the curvature deformation and discuss the numerical implementation of CQFT in curved backgrounds. While the post-quench geometry considered here is static and no electromagnetic field is included, the present work establishes a foundation for future investigations of particle creation in genuinely time-dependent curved spacetimes and in the presence of electromagnetic backgrounds.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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