arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2602.06326cs.LG
收藏

在线自适应强化学习与回声状态网络用于非平稳动态

Online Adaptive Reinforcement Learning with Echo State Networks for Non-Stationary Dynamics

Department of Computer Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology(名古屋技术大学计算机科学系);Nagoya Institute of Technology(名古屋技术大学);International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo(神经智能国际研究中心,东京大学)

Aoi Yoshimura, Gouhei Tanaka

AI总结:

本文提出基于回声状态网络的在线自适应强化学习框架,通过共振计算实现快速适应,适用于非平稳动态环境中的实时机器人控制。

摘要:

强化学习(RL)策略在仿真中训练后,当部署到真实环境时,由于非平稳动态往往会导致严重的性能下降。尽管领域随机化(DR)和元强化学习(meta-RL)已被提出以解决这个问题,但它们通常依赖于大量的预训练、特权信息或高计算成本,限制了它们在实时和边缘系统中的应用。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于共振计算的轻量级在线适应框架。具体来说,我们将回声状态网络(ESNs)作为适应模块,将最近的观测历史编码成潜在的上下文表示,并使用递归最小二乘(RLS)在线更新其读出权重。这种设计使能够快速适应,而无需反向传播、预训练或访问特权信息。我们评估了所提出的方法在CartPole和HalfCheetah任务中的表现,这些任务包含严重的和突然的环境变化,包括周期性的外部干扰和极端摩擦变化。实验结果表明,所提出的方法在非分布动态下显著优于DR和代表性的自适应基线方法,能够在几次控制步骤内实现稳定的适应。值得注意的是,该方法能够处理单个回合内的环境变化,而无需重置策略。由于其计算效率和稳定性,所提出的框架为非平稳环境中的在线适应提供了实用的解决方案,并适用于真实世界的机器人控制和边缘部署。

英文摘要:

Reinforcement learning (RL) policies trained in simulation often suffer from severe performance degradation when deployed in real-world environments due to non-stationary dynamics. While Domain Randomization (DR) and meta-RL have been proposed to address this issue, they typically rely on extensive pretraining, privileged information, or high computational cost, limiting their applicability to real-time and edge systems. In this paper, we propose a lightweight online adaptation framework for RL based on Reservoir Computing. Specifically, we integrate an Echo State Networks (ESNs) as an adaptation module that encodes recent observation histories into a latent context representation, and update its readout weights online using Recursive Least Squares (RLS). This design enables rapid adaptation without backpropagation, pretraining, or access to privileged information. We evaluate the proposed method on CartPole and HalfCheetah tasks with severe and abrupt environment changes, including periodic external disturbances and extreme friction variations. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly outperforms DR and representative adaptive baselines under out-of-distribution dynamics, achieving stable adaptation within a few control steps. Notably, the method successfully handles intra-episode environment changes without resetting the policy. Due to its computational efficiency and stability, the proposed framework provides a practical solution for online adaptation in non-stationary environments and is well suited for real-world robotic control and edge deployment.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑