Agentic AI in Healthcare & Medicine: A Seven-Dimensional Taxonomy for Empirical Evaluation of LLM-based Agents
Department of Computer Science, New York University, CIMS, New York, USA（纽约大学计算机科学系，CIMS，纽约，美国）；Department of Computer Science, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, USA（克利夫兰州立大学计算机科学系，克利夫兰，美国）
Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents that plan, use tools and act has begun to shape healthcare and medicine. Reported studies demonstrate competence on various tasks ranging from EHR analysis and differential diagnosis to treatment planning and research workflows. Yet the literature largely consists of overviews which are either broad surveys or narrow dives into a single capability (e.g., memory, planning, reasoning), leaving healthcare work without a common frame. We address this by reviewing 49 studies using a seven-dimensional taxonomy: Cognitive Capabilities, Knowledge Management, Interaction Patterns, Adaptation & Learning, Safety & Ethics, Framework Typology and Core Tasks & Subtasks with 29 operational sub-dimensions. Using explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria and a labeling rubric (Fully Implemented, Partially Implemented, Not Implemented), we map each study to the taxonomy and report quantitative summaries of capability prevalence and co-occurrence patterns. Our empirical analysis surfaces clear asymmetries. For instance, the External Knowledge Integration sub-dimension under Knowledge Management is commonly realized (~76% Fully Implemented) whereas Event-Triggered Activation sub-dimenison under Interaction Patterns is largely absent (~92% Not Implemented) and Drift Detection & Mitigation sub-dimension under Adaptation & Learning is rare (~98% Not Implemented). Architecturally, Multi-Agent Design sub-dimension under Framework Typology is the dominant pattern (~82% Fully Implemented) while orchestration layers remain mostly partial. Across Core Tasks & Subtasks, information centric capabilities lead e.g., Medical Question Answering & Decision Support and Benchmarking & Simulation, while action and discovery oriented areas such as Treatment Planning & Prescription still show substantial gaps (~59% Not Implemented).
Agentic and Generative AI for Open-Source Intelligence and Cyber Investigations: Taxonomy, Evaluation, Challenges, and Future Directions
School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Keele University（基尔大学计算机科学与数学学院）；Cybersecurity Institute, University of Liverpool（利物浦大学网络安全研究所）；Department of Applied Computing IICL, University of Wales Trinity Saint David（威尔士特里尼达大学应用计算系）；Deakin Cyber Research and Innovation Hub, Deakin University（德金大学网络安全研究与创新中心）；Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security, The University of Texas at San Antonio（德克萨斯大学圣安东尼奥分校信息系与网络安全系）
LLM-based Agentic Reasoning Frameworks: A Survey from Methods to Scenarios
Beijing Jiaotong University（北京交通大学）；Lancaster University（兰卡斯特大学）；Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus（马克斯·普朗克研究所（信息学）萨尔兰州信息学校区）；University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）
LLM Agents in Law: Taxonomy, Applications, and Challenges
Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）；National University of Singapore（国立新加坡大学）；Stanford University（斯坦福大学）；University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；The University of Chicago（芝加哥大学）；Rutgers University（罗格斯大学）；Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）；New Jersey Institute of Technology（新泽西理工学院）
A Comprehensive Survey of Foundation Models in Medicine
Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida（佛罗里达大学赫伯特·沃特海姆工程学院）；Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida（佛罗里达大学诺曼·菲克塞尔神经疾病研究所）；University of North Carolina at Charlotte（北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特分校）；McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida（佛罗里达大学麦克奈特脑科学研究所）
AtelierEval: Agentic Evaluation of Humans & LLMs as Text-to-Image Prompters
New York University Abu Dhabi（纽约大学阿布扎克校区）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；The Hong Kong Polytechnic University（香港理工大学）
Towards Embodied Agentic AI: Review and Classification of LLM- and VLM-Driven Robot Autonomy and Interaction
Department of Computing, University of Turku（图尔库大学计算机系）；Institute of Computer Science, Zurich University of Applied Sciences（应用科学大学计算机科学研究所）；Centre for Artificial Ingelligence, Zurich University of Applied Sciences（应用科学大学人工智能中心）；Agentic Systems Lab, Department of Management, Technology and Economics, ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院管理、科技与经济系代理系统实验室）；Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology（华沙技术大学数学与信息科学学院）
Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI): Architectures, Taxonomies, and Evaluation of Large Language Model Agents
University College of Engineering, Anna University（安娜大学工程学院）；National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli（Tiruchirappalli 国家理工学院）；School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne（墨尔本大学计算机与信息系统学院）
SoK: Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG): Taxonomy, Architectures, Evaluation, and Research Directions
University of North Dakota（北达科他大学）；Youngstown State University（青年州大学）；University of Toledo（托莱多大学）；University of Missouri（密苏里大学）；Tribhuvan University（特里布文大学）
From Privacy to Trust in the Agentic Era: A Taxonomy of Challenges in Trustworthy Federated Learning Through the Lens of Trust Report 2.0
Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI) University of Granada（计算机科学与人工智能系，数据科学与计算智能安达卢西亚研究 institute，格拉纳达大学）；Department of Software Engineering, Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI) University of Granada（软件工程系，数据科学与计算智能安达卢西亚研究 institute，格拉纳达大学）
DeepER-Med: Advancing Deep Evidence-Based Research in Medicine Through Agentic AI
Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH)（国家医学图书馆（NLM）内务研究部，国家卫生研究院（NIH））；Hunterian Neurosurgical Laboratory, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine（约翰霍普金斯医学院霍尔特神经外科实验室）；Cancer Data Science Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)（国家癌症研究所（NCI）癌症数据科学实验室，国家癌症研究中心，国家卫生研究院（NIH））；Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)（国家癌症研究所（NCI）实验免疫学分支，国家卫生研究院（NIH））；Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)（国家心肺血液研究所（NHLBI）上皮系统生物学实验室，系统生物学中心，国家卫生研究院（NIH））；Brain Tumor Genetics Lab, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital（约翰霍普金斯医院神经外科部脑肿瘤遗传实验室）；Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois Chicago（伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校血液/肿瘤科部）；University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA（伊利诺伊大学癌症中心，芝加哥，IL 60612，美国）；Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute (NEI), National Institutes of Health (NIH)（国家眼耳研究所（NEI）流行病学与临床应用部，国家卫生研究院（NIH））；University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA（密歇根大学医学学院，安阿伯，MI 48109，美国）
A Multimodal Agentic Pathology Co-pilot via Evidence Grounded Reasoning
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学计算机科学与工程系）；Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University（南方医科大学南芳医院病理科）；Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University（南方医科大学基础医学学院病理科）；Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学解剖与细胞病理学系）；Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology（广东省分子肿瘤病理学重点实验室）；Jinfeng Laboratory（锦风实验室）；Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学化学与生物工程系）；Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学生命科学系）；State Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学神经系统疾病国家重点实验室）；HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学深圳-香港协同创新研究院）
Towards 6G Native-AI Edge Networks: A Semantic-Aware and Agentic Intelligence Paradigm
College of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K.（埃克塞特大学计算机科学学院）；Sony China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China（索尼中国研究实验室）；School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China（东南大学信息科学与工程学院）；Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China（紫金山实验室）；Information System Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore（新加坡科技设计大学信息系统技术与设计支柱）
Agentic AI Frameworks: Architectures, Protocols, and Design Challenges
University of Kairouan（卡鲁安大学）；SMART Lab, University of Tunis（图纳大学SMART实验室）；University of Sousse（索斯大学）；Riadi Lab, Compus Manouba（曼努巴大学里亚迪实验室）；University of Jandouba（贾杜巴大学）
