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arXiv 2512.24924astro-ph.GA
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发现与HI云相关联的星系FAST J0139+4328

Discovery of a galaxy associated with the HI cloud FAST J0139+4328

Astronomical Observatory(天文台);Faculty of Mathematics, University of Belgrade(贝尔格莱德大学数学系);Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences(俄罗斯科学院特殊天文台)

Ana Mitrašinović, Marko Grozdanović, Ana Lalović, Milena Jovanović, Michal Bilek, Nataša Pavlov, Alexei V. Moiseev, Dmitry V. Oparin

AI总结:

FAST J0139+4328被重新分类为极富气体的低表面亮度矮星系,而非暗星系,其恒星成分未被Pan-STARRS1检测到。

摘要:

寻找'暗星系',即Lambda冷暗物质的关键预测,已经很少有可行的候选者。最近,FAST J0139+4328被报告为本宇宙中第一个孤立的暗星系,基于中性氢(HI)的检测和在Pan-STARRS1调查中的未检测。为了验证这个候选者的性质,我们使用1.4米Milanković和0.6米Nedeljković望远镜获得了深度光学成像,并对该区域进行了光谱学跟踪。我们报告了在HI云位置发现一个低表面亮度(LSB)的光学对应物。此外,通过6米Big Telescope Alt-Azimuthal(BTA)检测Hα发射,确认了恒星系统的位置与HI源的红移一致,建立了其物理关联。通过详细的光度学测量并利用颜色依赖的质光比关系,我们推导出总恒星质量为M*=(7.2±3.7)×10^6 M☉,大约比之前估计的上限高一个数量级。利用文献中的HI质量,这表明气体到恒星质量比为M_HI/M* = 11.5±6.4。我们的发现表明,FAST J0139+4328不是一个暗星系,而是一个极富气体的低表面亮度矮星系,其恒星成分低于Pan-STARRS1调查的检测限。这种重新分类解决了这个显著暗星系候选者的状态,并强调了对暗弱HI选定系统进行深入光学跟踪的必要性。

英文摘要:

The search for ``dark galaxies,'' a key prediction of the lambda cold dark matter, has yielded few viable candidates. Recently, FAST J0139+4328 was reported as the first isolated dark galaxy in the nearby universe, based on a neutral hydrogen (HI) detection and a non-detection in the Pan-STARRS1 survey. To verify the nature of this candidate, we obtained deep optical imaging, using the $1.4\,\mathrm{m}$ \textit{Milanković} and $0.6\,\mathrm{m}$ \textit{Nedeljković} telescopes, and spectroscopic follow-up of the field. We report the unambiguous discovery of a low-surface-brightness (LSB) optical counterpart at the location of the HI cloud. Furthermore, the detection of H$α$ emission via the $6\,\mathrm{m}$ Big Telescope Alt-Azimuthal (BTA) confirms that the stellar system lies at a redshift consistent with the HI source, establishing their physical association. Through detailed photometry and employing color-dependent mass-to-light scaling relations, we derive a total stellar mass of $M_\star = (7.2 \pm 3.7) \times 10^6\, M_{\odot}$, about an order of magnitude higher than the previously estimated upper limit. Using the literature HI mass, this implies a gas-to-stellar mass ratio of $M_{\mathrm{HI}} / M_{\star} = 11.5 \pm 6.4$. Our findings demonstrate that FAST J0139+4328 is not a dark galaxy but an extremely gas-rich LSB dwarf galaxy, whose stellar component was simply below the detection limit of the Pan-STARRS1 survey. This reclassification resolves the status of this prominent dark galaxy candidate and underscores the necessity of deep optical follow-up to classify faint HI-selected systems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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