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arXiv 2512.23964cs.LGcs.AI
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DUALFloodGNN:用于运营洪水建模的物理信息图神经网络

DUALFloodGNN: Physics-informed Graph Neural Network for Operational Flood Modeling

Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学计算机科学系);School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney(悉尼大学土木工程学院);Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology(代尔夫特理工大学应用数学研究所)

Carlo Malapad Acosta, Herath Mudiyanselage Viraj Vidura Herath, Jia Yu Lim, Abhishek Saha, Sanka Rasnayaka, Lucy Marshall

AI总结:

本文提出DUALFloodGNN,一种融合物理约束的图神经网络,通过共享消息传递框架预测水体积和流量,提升洪水建模的准确性和效率。

摘要:

洪水模型通过模拟洪水的时空水动力学来指导灾害管理战略。尽管基于物理的数值洪水模型准确,但其计算成本高限制了在需要快速预测的运营环境中的应用。图神经网络(GNN)设计的模型在速度和准确性方面具有优势,并能处理非结构化空间领域。鉴于其灵活的输入和架构,GNN可以轻松结合物理信息技术,显著提高可解释性和泛化能力。我们引入了一种新的洪水GNN架构,DUALFloodGNN,通过显式损失项在全局和局部尺度上嵌入物理约束。该模型通过共享消息传递框架联合预测节点的水体积和边上的流量。为了提高自回归推断的性能,模型训练采用多步损失增强动态课程学习。与标准GNN架构和最先进的GNN洪水模型相比,DUALFloodGNN在预测多个水文变量(如水体积、流量和深度)方面实现了显著改进,同时保持高计算效率。该模型在https://github.com/acostacos/dual_flood_gnn上开源。数据集在https://hdl.handle.net/2123/35293上开源,DOI为10.25910/9xav-0s86。

英文摘要:

Flood models inform strategic disaster management by simulating the spatiotemporal hydrodynamics of flooding. While physics-based numerical flood models are accurate, their substantial computational cost limits their use in operational settings where rapid predictions are essential. Models designed with graph neural networks (GNNs) provide both speed and accuracy while having the ability to process unstructured spatial domains. Given its flexible input and architecture, GNNs can be leveraged alongside physics-informed techniques with ease, significantly improving interpretability and generalizability. We introduce a novel flood GNN architecture, DUALFloodGNN, which embeds physical constraints at both global and local scales through explicit loss terms. The model jointly predicts water volume at nodes and flow along edges through a shared message-passing framework. To improve performance for autoregressive inference, model training is conducted with a multi-step loss enhanced with dynamic curriculum learning. Compared with standard GNN architectures and state-of-the-art GNN flood models, DUALFloodGNN achieves substantial improvements in predicting multiple hydrologic variables (e.g., water volume, flow, and depth) while maintaining high computational efficiency. The model is open sourced at https://github.com/acostacos/dual_flood_gnn. The dataset is open sourced at https://hdl.handle.net/2123/35293 with the DOI 10.25910/9xav-0s86.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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