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赫维格7的物理

The Physics of Herwig 7

Lund University(隆德大学);University of Durham(杜伦大学);INFN, Sezione di Torino(意大利国家核物理研究所都灵分部);Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院);University of Bergen(卑尔根大学);University of Edinburgh(爱丁堡大学);Kennesaw State University(肯尼索州立大学);University of Graz(格拉茨大学);University of Victoria(维多利亚大学);Austrian Academy of Sciences(奥地利科学院);Jagiellonian University(雅盖隆大学);University of Manchester(曼彻斯特大学);CERN(欧洲核子研究组织);DESY(德国电子同步加速器研究所)
J. Bellm, G. Bewick, S. Ferrario Ravasio, S. Gieseke, D. Grellscheid, S. Kiebacher, P. Kirchgaeßer, F. Loshaj, M. R. Masouminia, G. Nail, A. Papaefstathiou, S. … 展开作者

J. Bellm, G. Bewick, S. Ferrario Ravasio, S. Gieseke, D. Grellscheid, S. Kiebacher, P. Kirchgaeßer, F. Loshaj, M. R. Masouminia, G. Nail, A. Papaefstathiou, S. Plätzer, M. Rauch, P. Reimitz, C. Reuschle, P. Richardson, D. Samitz, P. Sarmah, P. Schichtel, M. H. Seymour, A. Siódmok, D. Stafford, C. B. Strange, S. Sule, S. Webster, J. Whitehead

AI总结:

赫维格7是一款用于高能碰撞模拟的事件生成器,整合了QCD和EW效应,提供多喷注合并和高阶修正,适用于标准模型及超越标准模型的物理研究。

摘要:

我们介绍了赫维格7的物理基础和最新发展,它是原始HERWIG和赫维格++系列的现代继任者。赫维格7提供了一个灵活且系统可改进的框架,用于高能轻子和强子碰撞的模拟,特别强调QCD和EW效应。硬散射过程在自动化Matchbox框架中生成,该框架整合了外部幅度提供者,支持树级、下一阶(NLO)和环诱导的矩阵元素,以及实施减法方案、多通道相空间采样、动态尺度选择以及POWHEG-和MC@NLO型匹配算法。一致的多喷注合并在LO和NLO级别提供,使在广泛的标准模型过程中能够进行精确预测。部分子辐射使用两种互补的喷注:一种是角序喷注,包含QCD相干性和重夸克死锥效应,另一种是优化用于NLO匹配和多喷注合并的双极喷注。更高阶修正通过矩阵元素修正和专门的重新加权技术包括在内,而QED和EW辐射则使用YFS形式化和EW喷注算法处理。非微扰物理的建模采用了一个先进的簇Hadronization框架,具有改进的簇形成、分裂和衰变,以及颜色重新连接模型、重夸克效应和与替代Hadronization方案的接口。扩展的Eikonal多重部分子散射模型,结合半硬和软成分以及衍射相互作用,能够对最小偏置和底层事件数据进行现实描述。因此,赫维格7代表了一个多功能的事件生成器,提供了一个一致、模块化和可扩展的平台,用于当前和未来设施的标准模型和超出标准模型的碰撞现象学。

英文摘要:

We present the physics foundations and recent developments of Herwig 7, the modern successor of the original HERWIG and Herwig++ series. Herwig 7 provides a flexible and systematically improvable framework for the simulation of high-energy lepton and hadron collisions, with particular emphasis on QCD and EW effects. Hard scattering processes are generated within the automated Matchbox framework, which integrates external amplitude providers, supports tree-level, next-to-leading-order (NLO) and loop-induced matrix elements, and implements subtraction schemes, multi-channel phase-space sampling, dynamic scale choices and both POWHEG- and MC@NLO-type matching algorithms. Consistent multijet merging at LO and NLO is provided, enabling precise predictions across a wide range of SM processes. Parton radiation is simulated using two complementary showers: an angular-ordered shower incorporating QCD coherence and the heavy-quark dead-cone effect, and a dipole shower optimised for NLO matching and multijet merging. Higher-order corrections are included through matrix-element corrections and dedicated reweighting techniques, while QED and EW radiation are treated using a YFS formalism and EW showering algorithms. The modelling of non-perturbative physics employs an advanced cluster hadronization framework with improved cluster formation, fission and decay, as well as colour reconnection models, heavy-quark effects and interfaces to alternative hadronization schemes. An extended eikonal multiple-partonic-scattering model, incorporating semi-hard and soft components together with diffractive interactions, enables realistic descriptions of minimum-bias and underlying-event data. Herwig 7 thus represents a versatile event generator, providing a coherent, modular and extensible platform for Standard Model and beyond-the-Standard-Model collider phenomenology at current and future facilities.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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