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arXiv 2512.15399cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT
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三维无线电定位:基于信道制图的方法

Three-Dimensional Radio Localization: A Channel Charting-Based Approach

University of Stuttgart(斯图加特大学)

Phillip Stephan, Florian Euchner, Stephan ten Brink

AI总结:

本文提出基于信道制图的三维无线电定位方法,通过多层结构和特征工程提升定位性能。

摘要:

信道制图通过流形学习以自监督的方式在无线电环境中创建低维表示。在潜在空间中保留相对空间距离,信道制图非常适合支持用户定位。尽管先前关于信道制图的研究主要集中在二维场景,但现实环境本质上是三维的。在本文中,我们使用模拟但真实的基于射线追踪的数据集,研究了两种不同的三维室内定位场景:一个具有三维数据点空间分布的工厂大厅,以及一个多层建筑,其中每层显示二维数据点分布。对于第一种场景,我们应用了增强型信道制图的概念,将其应用于三维环境。对于第二种场景,我们引入了多层信道制图,这是一种两阶段方法,包括通过聚类进行楼层分类,随后在每个单独楼层上训练专用专家神经网络进行信道制图,从而提高信道制图性能。此外,我们提出了一种新的特征工程方法,旨在从波束空间信道状态信息中提取稀疏特征,这些特征适合于定位。

英文摘要:

Channel charting creates a low-dimensional representation of the radio environment in a self-supervised manner using manifold learning. Preserving relative spatial distances in the latent space, channel charting is well suited to support user localization. While prior work on channel charting has mainly focused on two-dimensional scenarios, real-world environments are inherently three-dimensional. In this work, we investigate two distinct three-dimensional indoor localization scenarios using simulated, but realistic ray tracing-based datasets: a factory hall with a three-dimensional spatial distribution of datapoints, and a multistory building where each floor exhibits a two-dimensional datapoint distribution. For the first scenario, we apply the concept of augmented channel charting, which combines classical localization and channel charting, to a three-dimensional setting. For the second scenario, we introduce multistory channel charting, a two-stage approach consisting of floor classification via clustering followed by the training of a dedicated expert neural network for channel charting on each individual floor, thereby enhancing the channel charting performance. In addition, we propose a novel feature engineering method designed to extract sparse features from the beamspace channel state information that are suitable for localization.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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