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arXiv 2512.04073physics.soc-ph
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噪声诱导的走走停停交通动力学:建模与控制

Noise-induced stop-and-go traffic dynamics: Modelling and control

University of Wuppertal(伍珀塔尔大学);Indian Institute of Technology Bombay(孟买印度理工学院);University of Siegen(锡根大学)

Raphael Korbmacher, Parthib Khound, Antoine Tordeux, Frank Gronwald

AI总结:

研究交通流中走走停停波,从随机视角出发,用线性稳定跟驰模型,发现车距测量白高斯噪声会致流动失稳,通过非线性失稳机制引发相变,还表明简单线性变换可抵消噪声影响恢复稳定。

摘要:

交通流中的走走停停波是具有重要安全和环境后果的迷人集体现象。经典理论将这些振荡归因于反应延迟和惯性引起的线性不稳定性,而本研究探索了另一种随机观点。使用线性稳定的跟驰模型,我们表明车间距测量中的白高斯噪声会使流动不稳定,通过非线性不稳定性机制诱导向周期性走走停停动力学的相变。此外,我们证明了模型的简单线性变换,在引入正加速度偏差的同时放大系统响应,可以抵消噪声诱导的影响并恢复均匀交通流的稳定性。这些发现得到了数值模拟的支持,旨在为振荡交通动力学的建模和控制提供新的见解。

英文摘要:

Stop-and-go waves in traffic flow are captivating collective phenomena with important safety and environmental consequences. While classical theories attribute these oscillations to linear instabilities caused by reaction delays and inertia, this study explores an alternative stochastic perspective. Using a linearly stable car-following model, we show that white Gaussian noise in the measurement of the inter-vehicle distance can destabilise the flow, inducing a phase transition to periodic stop-and-go dynamics via a nonlinear instability mechanism. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a simple linear transformation of the model, which amplifies the system response while introducing a positive acceleration bias, can counteract noise-induced effects and restores the stability of uniform traffic flow. These findings, supported by numerical simulations, aim to provide new insights into the modelling and control of oscillatory traffic dynamics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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