使用片上集成微透镜阵列的多重后焦面成像
Multiplexed back focal plane imaging with on-chip integrated microlens array
AI总结：
本研究提出将3D打印微透镜阵列直接集成到半导体微腔上，实现无需显微镜物镜的并行后焦面成像，显著提高了低温角分辨光谱学的收集效率并降低了凝聚阈值。
摘要：
实现角分辨光谱学的片上光学架构对于推动光子平台向低体积、可扩展和低温兼容的器件发展至关重要。在此，我们介绍了一种空间分辨动量空间成像方法，该方法使用直接集成到半导体光学微腔上的3D打印微透镜阵列。每个微透镜作为一个独立的具有高数值孔径（约0.95）的光学元件，在我们的实现中，能够跨64个不同位置进行并行后焦面成像。这种方法消除了对笨重的显微镜物镜的需求，同时保持广泛的波矢访问能力，即使在低温条件下也是如此。我们展示了其在各种微腔系统中的多功能性，包括介电平面谐振腔、基于GaAs的极化子微腔，以及支持激子-极化子非平衡玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的CdTe平台。微透镜不仅提高了收集效率，还实现了紧密聚焦的激发，与常规装置相比，凝聚阈值降低了一个数量级。我们的结果确立了3D打印微透镜阵列作为纳米光子学和量子材料中下一代角分辨光谱学的紧凑、多功能、集成平台。
英文摘要：
On-chip optical architectures that enable angle-resolved spectroscopy are essential for advancing photonic platforms towards low-volume, scalable, and cryo-compatible devices. Here, we introduce spatially resolved momentum-space imaging using arrays of 3D-printed microlenses directly integrated onto semiconductor optical microcavities. Each microlens functions as an independent optical element with a high numerical aperture (approx. 0.95), enabling parallel back focal plane imaging across, in our implementation, 64 distinct locations. This approach eliminates the need for bulky microscope objectives while maintaining broad wavevector access, even under cryogenic conditions. We demonstrate its versatility across various cavity systems, including dielectric planar resonators, GaAs-based polariton microcavities, and CdTe platforms supporting nonequilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation of exciton-polaritons. The microlenses not only enhance collection efficiency but also enable tightly focused excitation, yielding an order of magnitude reduction in condensation thresholds compared with conventional setups. Our results establish 3D-printed microlens arrays as a compact, versatile, integrated platform for next-generation angle-resolved spectroscopy in nanophotonics and quantum materials.
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