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arXiv 2510.04651cs.NI
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低轨卫星直连终端:全球非地面网络的技术经济分析

Satellite Direct-to-Device from Low Earth Orbit: Techno-Economic Analysis of a Global Non-Terrestrial Network

Adnan Aijaz, Peizheng Li, Sajida Gufran

AI总结:

本文提出评估低轨卫星直连终端系统的综合技术经济分析框架,整合多类技术与成本模型,评估三种全球非地面网络架构,证实该服务可实现与地面相当的用户成本及正投资回报率,且Open RAN技术具备降本潜力。

摘要:

低地球轨道(LEO)卫星与卫星直连终端(D2D)技术是下一代全球连接的核心,有望让未经改装的符合3GPP标准的手机直接接入天基宽带服务。随着生态系统快速演进,评估这类服务的可行性、成本效益与盈利性至关重要。通过评估技术层面与经济影响,利益相关方能够针对投资、开发与部署策略做出明智决策。本文提出了一套用于评估基于低轨的卫星D2D系统的综合技术经济分析(TEA)框架。该框架整合了全球卫星星座模型、符合ITU-R建议的包含大气与降雨衰减模型的无线电传播特性、符合3GPP标准的容量计算、真实的全球人口数据,以及涵盖空间段与地面段相关资本支出和运营支出的全维度成本模型。此外,该框架评估了三种用于实现卫星D2D服务的全球非地面网络(NTN)的不同架构选项。为强调可复现性,该框架通过对一款开源工具进行大量增强实现。经济评估显示,全球卫星D2D服务能够以与地面服务相当的单用户月度成本提供,同时实现正的投资回报率(ROI)。此外,结果表明Open RAN技术在实现高成本效益的卫星D2D服务方面具备潜力。

英文摘要:

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites and satellite direct-to-device (D2D) technology are at the heart of the next-generation global connectivity which promises direct access to space-based broadband services for unmodified 3GPP-compliant handsets. With a rapidly evolving ecosystem, it is important to evaluate the feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and profitability of these services. By assessing the technological aspects as well as economic implications, stakeholders can make informed decisions about investment, development, and deployment strategies. This paper presents a comprehensive techno-economic analysis (TEA) framework for evaluating LEO-based satellite D2D systems. The framework integrates a global satellite constellation model, radio propagation aspects including atmospheric and rainfall attenuation models compliant with ITU-R recommendations, 3GPP-compliant capacity calculations, realistic global population data, and an all-encompassing cost model accounting for both capital and operational expenses associated with space and ground segments. Further, the framework evaluates three different architectural options for realizing a global non-terrestrial network (NTN) for satellite D2D services. With an emphasis on reproducibility, the framework has been implemented through significant enhancements to an open-source tool. The economic assessment reveals that global satellite D2D services can be provided at a monthly cost per subscriber which is comparable to terrestrial services while achieving a positive return on investment (ROI). Moreover, the results show the potential of Open RAN technology for realizing cost-effective satellite D2D services.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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