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arXiv 2510.03348cs.CV
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FVO:基于Transformer的快速视觉里程计

Monocular Visual Odometry without Calibration or Test-time Optimization

University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学)

Vladimir Yugay, Duy-Kien Nguyen, Theo Gevers, Cees G. M. Snoek, Martin R. Oswald

AI总结:

FVO通过将单目视觉里程计建模为直接相对姿态回归问题,利用Transformer实现快速且高容量的相机姿态预测,从而在速度和性能上超越现有混合方法。

摘要:

混合管道将深度学习与经典优化相结合,已确立为视觉里程计(VO)的主导方法。通过将神经网络预测与捆绑调整结合,这些模型能够以高精度估计相机轨迹。然而,混合VO方法在速度和能力上仍无法与纯端到端方法相媲美。当前混合框架依赖于大量预训练的3D网络来预测几何结构。由于这些后端被训练为尺度模糊且冻结而不是重新训练,管道本质上继承了这一限制,并且设计上无法估计绝对尺度。此外,它们缓慢的优化和后处理步骤限制了管道的推理速度。我们提出将后处理完全替换为将单目视觉里程计作为直接相对姿态回归问题进行建模。这种建模使我们能够训练一个快速、高容量的Transformer,仅使用相机姿态作为监督,来预测相对相机姿态及其对应的置信度。更重要的是,它允许我们采用一种置信度感知的推理方案,通过聚合重叠的姿态预测来实现稳健的轨迹估计。我们在多个视觉里程计基准上证明,我们的方法,快速视觉里程计(FVO),能够利用多样化数据实现竞争或更优的性能,同时比最快的基线快近两倍。

英文摘要:

The most accurate monocular visual odometry systems require known camera intrinsics, refine their estimates with test-time optimization, and recover trajectories only up to an unknown factor. Systems built on large 3D models need no intrinsics, but they remain considerably less accurate and slower for odometry. Direct pose regression avoids all these requirements, yet it has not matched either approach's accuracy. We revisit this formulation with a transformer that predicts relative camera poses together with separate rotation and translation confidences over overlapping image windows, supervised by camera poses alone. A confidence-weighted module then aggregates the overlapping predictions into a single trajectory. The resulting method, CalfVO, needs no intrinsics, no bundle adjustment, and no loop closure, and it recovers scale from learned priors, accurately enough that it is evaluated without any alignment to the ground truth. Across five benchmarks, it is the most accurate calibration-free method on every metric we report, and it runs at 53 FPS, faster than every baseline.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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