Revisiting Direct Speech-to-Text Translation with Speech LLMs: Better Scaling than CoT Prompting?
Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Spain（巴塞罗那超级计算中心，西班牙）；Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain（加泰罗尼亚理工大学，西班牙）；DFKI GmbH, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany（德意志联邦计算机研究中心（DFKI） GmbH，萨尔布吕肯，德国）
Oriol Pareras, Gerard I. Gállego, Federico Costa, Cristina España-Bonet, Javier Hernando
备注：
To appear in Proc. ICASSP 2026, May 04-08, 2026, Barcelona, Spain
Recent work on Speech-to-Text Translation (S2TT) has focused on LLM-based models, introducing the increasingly adopted Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting, where the model is guided to first transcribe the speech and then translate it. CoT typically outperforms direct prompting primarily because it can exploit abundant Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Text-to-Text Translation (T2TT) datasets to explicitly model its steps. In this paper, we systematically compare CoT and Direct prompting under increasing amounts of S2TT data. To this end, we pseudo-label an ASR corpus by translating its transcriptions into six European languages, and train LLM-based S2TT systems with both prompting strategies at different data scales. Our results show that Direct improves more consistently as the amount of data increases, suggesting that it may become a more effective approach as larger S2TT resources are created.
Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting enables large language models (LLMs) to solve complex reasoning tasks by generating an explanation before the final prediction. Despite it's promising ability, a critical downside of CoT prompting is that the performance is greatly affected by the factuality of the generated explanation. To improve the correctness of the explanations, fine-tuning language models with explanation data is needed. However, there exists only a few datasets that can be used for such approaches, and no data collection tool for building them. Thus, we introduce CoTEVer, a tool-kit for…
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School of Intelligence Science and Technology, Peking University（北京大学智能科学与技术学院）；Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University（北京大学人工智能研究院）；National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence（通用人工智能国家重点实验室）；Key Laboratory of Machine Perceptron (MOE), Peking University（北京大学机器感知教育部重点实验室）
ChainLM: Empowering Large Language Models with Improved Chain-of-Thought Prompting
Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China（中国人民大学高瓴人工智能学院）；School of Information, Renmin University of China（中国人民大学信息学院）；DIRO, Université de Montréal（蒙特利尔大学计算机科学与运筹学系）
Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）；Amazon Web Services（亚马逊云科技）
Large language models (LLMs) can perform complex reasoning by generating intermediate reasoning steps. Providing these steps for prompting demonstrations is called chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting. CoT prompting has two major paradigms. One leverages a simple prompt like "Let's think step by step" to facilitate step-by-step thinking before answering a question. The other uses a few manual demonstrations one by one, each composed of a question and a reasoning chain that leads to an answer. The superior performance of the second paradigm hinges on the hand-crafting of task-specific demonstration…
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Hong Kong Baptist University（香港浸会大学）；BNU-UIC Institute of AI and Future Networks（北师大-联合国际学院人工智能与未来网络研究院）；BNU-HKBU United International College（北师大-港浸大联合国际学院）；Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学）
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John F Kennedy High school Fremont, USA（约翰·F·肯尼迪高中弗里蒙特分校）；Queensland Academy for Science Mathematics and Technology（昆士兰科学数学与技术学院）；Research Spark Hub Inc（Research Spark Hub公司）
College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University（吉林大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Alibaba Cloud Computing（阿里巴巴云计算）；Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）；College of Software, Zhejiang University（浙江大学软件学院）
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Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）；School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学人工智能学院）；Wuhan AI Research（武汉人工智能研究院）
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Singapore Management University（新加坡管理大学）；Southwest Jiaotong University（西南交通大学）；Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技设计大学）；East China Normal University（华东师范大学）
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The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）；Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳））；Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab（华为诺亚方舟实验室）；National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）；Peng Cheng Laboratory（鹏城实验室）
Understanding Before Reasoning: Enhancing Chain-of-Thought with Iterative Summarization Pre-Prompting
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science（电子工程学院，上海工程技术大学）；School of Information Science and Engineering, Ningbo University（信息科学与工程学院，宁波大学）
