用于镰状细胞病快速筛查的新型生物标志物的声学探测
Acoustic Probing of New Biomarkers for Rapid Sickle Cell Disease Screening
AI总结：
针对镰状细胞病常规筛查成本高、难普及的问题，本研究提出两种声学探测的新型生物标志物，可高精度区分健康与患病样本，还具备筛查轻症及镰状细胞性状的潜力，为低成本床旁快速筛查提供了新方向。
摘要：
镰状细胞病（SCD）仍是一项关键的全球健康问题，在资源匮乏地区儿童死亡率很高。早期筛查和诊断对于改善健康结局至关重要，但常规筛查方法因实验室设备成本高昂而不适合广泛应用。目前迫切需要便携、经济高效且易用的床旁检测工具，以快速评估血液健康状况。在此，我们探索了两种通过声学探测实现的用于SCD快速筛查的新型生物标志物：一种是通过测量全血中红细胞（RBC）的裂解温度得到的细胞膜稳定性，另一种是通过测量血浆中的相对蛋白沉淀得到的血浆蛋白浓度。两种生物标志物均能以高精度有效区分健康的HbAA样本与输血前/未输血的HbSS样本。此外，RBC裂解生物标志物可区分镰状细胞占比更低的输血交换后HbSS样本，这表明其具备初步筛查较轻类型SCD以及镰状细胞性状的潜力。
英文摘要：
Sickle cell disease (SCD) remains a critical global health issue, with high child mortality in low-resource regions. Early screening and diagnosis is essential for improving health outcomes, but conventional screening methods are unsuitable for widespread use due to the high costs of laboratory equipment. There is an urgent need for portable, cost-effective, and user-friendly point-of-care tools that can quickly assess blood health. Here, we explore two new biomarkers enabled by acoustic probing for rapid SCD screening: cell membrane stability from measuring red blood cell (RBC) lysis temperature in whole blood, and plasma protein concentration from measuring relative protein precipitation in blood plasma. Both biomarkers effectively differentiate healthy HbAA samples from pre-/no transfusion HbSS samples with high accuracy. Additionally, the RBC lysis biomarker can distinguish post-transfusion exchange HbSS samples with a lower percentage of sickled cells, indicating the potential to initially screen for milder forms of SCD as well as sickle cell trait.
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