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arXiv 2507.02465astro-ph.HE
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新星天蝎座2023的X射线观测:电荷交换的光谱证据

X-ray observations of Nova Sco 2023: Spectroscopic evidence of charge exchange

Sharon Mitrani, Ehud Behar, Marina Orio, Jack Worley

AI总结:

本文通过Chandra高分辨率X射线光谱分析新星天蝎座2023,在超软源阶段探测到辐射复合连续谱和电荷交换发射线,证实了激波等离子体与冷气体相互作用及双极外流的存在。

摘要:

新星爆发后几天观测到的超软源(SSS)阶段通常表现为被吸收的X射线热连续谱,并带有吸收特征,由白矮星(WD)大气发射。然而,许多新星在此阶段的X射线光谱显示出额外的发射线,这些发射线很可能源自新星抛射物中的激波。当激波等离子体与冷气体相互作用时,会观测到窄的辐射复合连续谱(RRCs)和电荷交换(CX)发射。我们展示了新星天蝎座2023的高分辨率Chandra LETG X射线光栅光谱分析,分别在光学峰值后128天和183天,即2023年8月和10月进行观测。在两个历元,被吸收的X射线热连续谱均可由非局部热平衡大气模型很好地描述,温度T=750,000 K(kT=65 eV)。在第128天,发现大气以v=-3500 km s^-1的速度向外流出。在第183天,大气增亮了约2倍,并减速至v=-1500 km s^-1。光谱的离散发射特征包括C^+5、N^+5和N^+6的RRCs,表明第128天的冷电子温度为kT_e=1 eV,第183天为kT_e=20 eV。观测到的类氢和类氦C^+5、N^+5、N^+6和O^+6线系显示出高n(主量子数)跃迁的增强强度,与热离子在kT~100 eV下的CX模型一致。CX线的速度偏移保持在v=±3000 km s^-1,这可以用双极外流来解释。继新星网罟座2020(YZ Ret)之后,新星天蝎座2023是又一颗我们在天体物理电离等离子体中发现电荷交换精妙证据的新星。

英文摘要:

The super-soft source (SSS) phase of a nova eruption, observed a few days after the outburst, usually displays an absorbed X-ray thermal continuum with absorption features, emitted by the white dwarf (WD) atmosphere. However, the X-ray spectra of many novae in this phase display additional emission lines which likely originate from shocks in the novae ejecta. When the shocked plasma interacts with cold gas, narrow radiative recombination continua (RRCs) and charge exchange (CX) emission are observed. We present the analysis of high-resolution ChandraLETG X-ray grating spectra of Nova Sco 2023, observed 128 and 183 days after the optical peak, on 2023 August and October. At both epochs, the absorbed X-ray thermal continuum is well described by a Non-Local Thermal Equilibrium atmosphere model with a temperature T=750,000 K (kT = 65 eV). On day 128, the atmosphere is found to be outflowing at v=-3500 km s^-1. On day 183, the atmosphere brightened by a factor of ~2 and slowed down to v=-1500$ km s^-1. The discrete emission features of the spectrum consist of the C^+5, N^+5, and N^+6 RRCs, indicating a cold electron temperature of kT_e=1 eV on day 128, and kT_e=20 eV on day 183. The observed line series of H-like and He-like C^+5, N^+5, N^+6, and O^+6 show enhanced intensities of high-n (principal quantum number) transitions, consistent with a CX model of hot ions at kT~100 eV. The velocity shift of the CX lines remained at v=+-3000 km s^-1, which can be explained by a bipolar outflow. After Nova Ret 2020 (YZ Ret), Nova Sco 2023 is yet another nova in which we have found exquisite evidence of CX in astrophysical ionized plasma.

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