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arXiv 2506.03493eess.SYcs.SY
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面向PMU不可观测电力系统的拓扑感知图神经网络状态估计

Topology-Aware Graph Neural Network-based State Estimation for PMU-Unobservable Power Systems

Shiva Moshtagh, Behrouz Azimian, Mohammad Golgol, Anamitra Pal

AI总结:

本文提出一种拓扑感知的定制化图神经网络状态估计方法CGNN-SE,结合图卷积与多头图注意力应对拓扑变化和数据丢失,并在多种扰动及大规模系统中优于传统优化和学习型方法。

摘要:

传统的基于优化的时间同步状态估计技术通常面临在线计算负担高、相量测量单元(PMU)覆盖有限以及非高斯测量噪声等问题。尽管已有传统学习型模型被开发出来以克服这些挑战,但它们会受到拓扑变化和实时数据丢失的负面影响。本文提出了一种基于图神经网络(GNN)的新型深度几何学习方法,用于估计PMU不可观测电力系统的状态。该方法在定制的端到端学习框架中结合了图卷积和多头图注意力层,以应对拓扑变化和实时数据丢失。文中还推导了状态估计误差随拓扑变化的上界。在不同测试系统上的实验结果表明,所提出的定制化GNN-SE(CGNN-SE)在存在拓扑变化、PMU故障、坏数据、非高斯测量噪声以及大规模系统实现的情况下,优于传统的基于优化的技术以及传统学习型模型。

英文摘要:

Traditional optimization-based techniques for time-synchronized state estimation (SE) often suffer from high online computational burden, limited phasor measurement unit (PMU) coverage, and presence of non-Gaussian measurement noise. Although conventional learning-based models have been developed to overcome these challenges, they are negatively impacted by topology changes and real-time data loss. This paper proposes a novel deep geometric learning approach based on graph neural networks (GNNs) to estimate the states of PMU-unobservable power systems. The proposed approach combines graph convolution and multi-head graph attention layers inside a customized end-to-end learning framework to handle topology changes and real-time data loss. An upper bound on SE error as a function of topology change is also derived. Experimental results for different test systems demonstrate superiority of the proposed customized GNN-SE (CGNN-SE) over traditional optimization-based techniques as well as conventional learning-based models in presence of topology changes, PMU failures, bad data, non-Gaussian measurement noise, and large system implementation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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