土壤传播的蠕虫感染的数学建模：具有环境宿主的人-动物动力学
Mathematical Modeling of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection: Human-Animal Dynamics with Environmental Reservoirs
AI总结：
本研究构建了包含人、动物和环境宿主的STH感染动力学常微分方程模型，推导基本再生数并分析平衡点稳定性，通过敏感性分析确定影响感染的关键参数，强调了跨物种传播与“同一健康”理念。
摘要：
土壤传播的蠕虫（STH）感染是最常见的被忽视的热带疾病之一，对热带和亚热带地区的公共卫生构成重大威胁。这些寄生虫通过直接接触受污染的土壤或意外摄入而感染人类和动物。本研究使用确定性房室模型和非线性常微分方程研究了STH传播的动态。我们的模型结合了人类、动物和环境在传播STH中作为宿主的作用。我们推导了基本再生数，并证明了在特定阈值下，无病平衡点和地方病平衡点是渐近稳定的。我们还进行了敏感性分析，以确定每个参数如何影响模型的输出。敏感性分析确定了影响感染率的关键参数，如摄入率、疾病进展率和脱落率，所有这些都会增加感染。相反，较高的清除率和恢复率会降低感染。研究还强调了STH感染在人类和动物之间跨物种传播的潜力，强调了“同一健康”理念，该理念承认人类、动物和环境健康的相互依存性。
英文摘要：
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases, pose a significant threat to public health in tropical and subtropical areas. These parasites infect humans and animals through direct contact with contaminated soil or accidental ingestion. This study examines the dynamics of STH transmission using a deterministic compartmental model and nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Our model incorporates the roles humans, animals, and the environment play as reservoirs for spreading STH. We derived the basic reproduction number and demonstrate that the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points are asymptotically stable under specific thresholds. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to determine how each parameter affects the model's output. The sensitivity analysis identifies key parameters influencing infection rates, such as ingestion rate, disease progression rate, and shedding rate, all of which increase infection. Conversely, higher clearance and recovery rates decrease infection. The study also highlights the potential for cross-species transmission of STH infections between humans and animals, underscoring the One Health concept, which acknowledges the interdependence of human, animal, and environmental health.
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