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arXiv 2504.03210cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.softphysics.bio-ph
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通过诱导摩擦和噪声将活性运动从介质传递到探针

Transfer of active motion from medium to probe via the induced friction and noise

KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学);Peking University(北京大学)

Ji-Hui Pei, Christian Maes

AI总结:

研究通过诱导摩擦和噪声,实现了从活性介质到探针的活性运动传递,揭示了持久性在不同尺度间的跨尺度传递机制。

摘要:

活性能否从较小的尺度传递到较大的尺度?我们报告了从均匀的活性介质到牛顿球形探针的此类传递。活性介质由更快且稀疏的自主推进粒子组成,模型化为一维的游走粒子或二维的活性布朗粒子。我们推导了探针的简化波动动力学,适用于任意的探针速度,其特征是速度依赖的摩擦和噪声。除了标准的被动 regime 之外,我们还识别出特殊的活性 regime,其中探针变得自我推进,具有高持久性,其速度分布在非零值处出现峰值。这些特征通过探针-介质系统的数值模拟得到了定量确认。活性 regime 的出现不仅取决于介质远离平衡态的性质,还取决于探针-介质耦合。我们的发现揭示了如何仅通过诱导的摩擦和噪声,使持久性跨不同尺度传递活性运动。

英文摘要:

Can activity be transmitted from smaller to larger scales? We report on such a transfer from a homogeneous active medium to a Newtonian spherical probe. The active medium consists of faster and dilute self-propelled particles, modeled as run-and-tumble particles in 1D or as active Brownian particles in 2D. We derive the reduced fluctuating dynamics of the probe, valid for arbitrary probe velocity, characterized by velocity-dependent friction and noise. In addition to a standard passive regime, we identify peculiar active regimes where the probe becomes self-propelled with high persistence, and its velocity distribution begets peaks at nonzero values. These features are quantitatively confirmed by numerical simulations of the joint probe-medium system. The emergence of active regimes depends not only on the far-from-equilibrium nature of the medium but also on the probe-medium coupling. Our findings reveal how, solely via the induced friction and noise, persistence can cross different scales to transfer active motion.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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