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arXiv 2503.03377astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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法拉第旋转揭示类星体NRAO150中的螺旋磁场

A helical magnetic field in quasar NRAO150 revealed by Faraday rotation

J. D. Livingston, A. S. Nikonov, S. A. Dzib, L. C. Debbrecht, Y. Y. Kovalev, M. M. Lisakov, N. R. MacDonald, G. F. Paraschos, J. Röder, M. Wielgus

AI总结:

通过VLBI偏振观测,测量类星体NRAO150的法拉第旋转,发现螺旋/环向磁场存在于最内层喷流中。

摘要:

活动星系核(AGN)是宇宙中最明亮、最极端的环境之一。AGN的中心引擎被认为是超大质量黑洞,它们由吸积盘供能,吸积盘被致密磁电离介质中的磁场穿透。我们报告了2022年10月使用甚长基线阵列(VLBA)和埃费尔斯伯格100米射电望远镜联合网络对类星体NRAO150进行的偏振甚长基线干涉测量(VLBI)观测结果。这些观测是NRAO150在15GHz以上频率首次同时进行的多频偏振VLBI观测。我们使用新的VLBI偏振校准程序GPCAL,对NRAO150在12GHz、15GHz、24GHz和43GHz频率的偏振观测进行了处理。通过这些观测,我们测量了法拉第旋转。利用法拉第旋转的测量结果,我们还推导了该源的内禀电矢量位置角(EVPA0)。作为补充测量,我们确定了偏振随观测频率变化的行为。NRAO150的偏振仅来自核心区域,峰值偏振强度出现在24GHz。在NRAO150的核心区域,我们观察到法拉第旋转和EVPA0值存在清晰的梯度,这些梯度与围绕核心区域弯曲的喷流方向一致。我们发现,在大部分偏振区域,偏振分数在较高频率下更大,核心区域的内禀偏振分数为3%。法拉第旋转梯度和EVPA0中的环形模式是螺旋/环向磁场的强有力证据,而低内禀偏振分数的存在表明偏振发射以及由此产生的螺旋/环向磁场发生在最内层喷流内部。

英文摘要:

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are some of the most luminous and extreme environments in the Universe. The central engines of AGN, believed to be super-massive black-holes, are fed by accretion discs threaded by magnetic fields within a dense magneto-ionic medium. We report our findings from polarimetric Very-long-baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations of quasar NRAO150 taken in October 2022 using a combined network of the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) and Effelsberg 100-m Radio Telescope. These observations are the first co-temporal multi-frequency polarimetric VLBI observations of NRAO150 at frequencies above 15GHz. We use the new VLBI polarization calibration procedure, GPCAL, with polarization observations of frequencies of 12GHz, 15GHz, 24GHz, and 43GHz of NRAO150. From these observations, we measure Faraday rotation. Using our measurement of Faraday rotation, we also derive the intrinsic electric vector position angle (EVPA0) for the source. As a complementary measurement we determine the behavior of polarization as a function of observed frequency. The polarization from NRAO150 only comes from the core region, with a peak polarization intensity occurring at 24GHz. Across the core region of NRAO150 we see clear gradients in Faraday rotation and EVPA0 values that are aligned with the direction of the jet curving around the core region. We find that for the majority of the polarized region the polarization fraction is greater at higher frequencies, with intrinsic polarization fractions in the core 3%. The Faraday rotation gradients and circular patterns in EVPA0 are strong evidence for a helical/toroidal magnetic field, and the presence of low intrinsic polarization fractions indicate that the polarized emission and hence the helical/toroidal magnetic field, occur within the innermost jet.

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