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arXiv 2502.20179cond-mat.stat-mech
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非高斯过程的非平衡涨落关系

Nonequilibrium fluctuation relations for non-Gaussian processes

Arthur M. Faria, Marcus V. S. Bonanca, Eric Lutz

AI总结:

本文研究非高斯噪声下小系统的随机热力学,推导弱噪声区域马尔可夫过程的非平衡涨落关系,并发现减小浴相互作用范围增强非高斯特征且抑制熵产生。

摘要:

非高斯噪声在中心极限定理不适用的系统中普遍存在。我们在此研究由一般Kramers-Moyal方程描述的小系统的随机热力学,该方程同时包含高斯和非高斯白噪声贡献。我们在弱噪声区域内,为这些马尔可夫过程的非平衡熵产生推导了细致和积分涨落关系。作为应用,我们分析了通过有限程相互作用局域耦合到热浴的驱动物体的性质,考虑了一个被移动谐振势牵引的过阻尼粒子。我们发现,减小浴相互作用范围会增加非高斯特征,并强烈抑制平均非平衡熵产生。我们进一步讨论了一个广义细致平衡条件。

英文摘要:

Non-Gaussian noise is omnipresent in systems where the central-limit theorem is inapplicable. We here investigate the stochastic thermodynamics of small systems that are described by a general Kramers-Moyal equation that includes both Gaussian and non-Gaussian white noise contributions. We obtain detailed and integral fluctuation relations for the nonequilibrium entropy production of these Markov processes in the regime of weak noise. As an application, we analyze the properties of driven objects that are locally coupled to a heat bath via a finite-range interaction, by considering an overdamped particle that is pulled by a moving harmonic potential. We find that reducing the bath interaction range increases non-Gaussian features, and strongly suppresses the average nonequilibrium entropy production. We further discuss a generalized detailed-balance condition.

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