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arXiv 1402.0193cond-mat.stat-mech
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非平衡系统中的涨落和关联

Fluctuations and correlations in nonequilibrium systems

Jae Dong Noh

摘要:

非平衡系统以功和热的形式与环境交换能量。系统所做的功服从涨落定理,而耗散的热量(因内能变化而不同于功)则不服从涨落定理。导出了过阻尼Langevin系统中热的修正涨落关系。结果表明,功、热和内能变化之间的相互关联是造成功、热涨落特性不同的原因。在二维线性扩散系统中,详细研究了相互关联。我们开发了一种分析方法,它允许一个计算联合概率分布的大偏差函数。我们发现热与内能变化成负相关,这解释了热涨落定理失效的原因。

英文摘要:

Nonequilibrium systems exchange the energy with an environment in the form of work and heat. The work done on a system obeys the fluctuation theorem, while the dissipated heat which differs from the work by the internal energy change does not. We derive the modified fluctuation relation for the heat in the overdamped Langevin system. It shows that mutual correlations among the work, the heat, and the internal energy change are responsible for the different fluctuation property of the work and the heat. The mutual correlation is investigated in detail in a two-dimensional linear diffusion system. We develop an analytic method which allows one to calculate the large deviation function for the joint probability distributions. We find that the heat and the internal energy change have a negative correlation, which explains the reason for the breakdown of the fluctuation theorem for the heat.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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