用 Spitzer 观测红外背景辐射各向异性：大尺度各向异性及其意义
Looking at infrared background radiation anisotropies with Spitzer: large scale anisotropies and their implications
AI总结：
本研究利用 Spitzer/IRAC 深度曝光数据构建大尺度 CIB 各向异性图，发现其波动不受前景污染，且以原始黑洞为暗物质的颗粒化功率模型最能解释观测到的 CIB 过量及其与 CXB 的相干性。
摘要：
我们使用 Spitzer/IRAC 的深度曝光数据，覆盖两片比以往大得多的天区，构建了适合评估宇宙红外背景（CIB）中扣除源后波动的地图。这些地图采用自校准方法构建，以足够的精度消除了伪影，并在每个区域选择了包含大致均匀曝光的子集地图。这些地图经过裁剪并去除了已知源，然后进行傅里叶变换，以在新的更大尺度上探测 CIB 各向异性。从数据中测量了所得 CIB 各向异性的功率谱，尺度达到 >1 度，揭示了在 >1 角分尺度上远超剩余已知星系贡献的成分。已证明这些波动在直至所测的最大尺度上均不受银河系和太阳系前景贡献的影响。我们结合新数据讨论了关于过量 CIB 各向异性起源的现有理论。其中，将 CIB 波动过量归因于 LIGO 观测到的作为暗物质的原始黑洞所产生的颗粒化功率的模型，在解释与所测 CIB 功率幅度和空间结构相关的所有观测结果（包括 CIB 与未分辨宇宙 X 射线背景（CXB）之间测得的相干性）方面最为成功。最后，我们指出了利用这些数据在新的尺度和更高精度上探测 CIB-CXB 交叉功率的应用。我们还讨论了这些数据与未来由 Euclid 和 Roman 空间任务提供的、具有深度广域巡天和亚角秒角分辨率的更短近红外波长 CIB 项目的协同作用。
英文摘要：
We use Spitzer/IRAC deep exposure data covering two significantly larger than before sky areas to construct maps suitable for evaluating source-subtracted fluctuations in the cosmic infrared background (CIB). The maps are constructed using the self-calibration methodology eliminating artifacts to sufficient accuracy and subset maps are selected in each area containing approximately uniform exposures. These maps are clipped and removed of known sources and then Fourier transformed to probe the CIB anisotropies to new larger scales. The power spectrum of the resultant CIB anisotropies is measured from the data to >1 degree revealing the component well above that from remaining known galaxies on scales >1 arcmin. The fluctuations are demonstrated to be free of Galactic and Solar System foreground contributions out to the largest scales measured. We discuss the proposed theories for the origin of the excess CIB anisotropies in light of the new data. Out of these, the model where the CIB fluctuation excess originates from the granulation power due to LIGO-observed primordial black holes as dark matter appears most successful in accounting for all observations related to the measured CIB power amplitude and spatial structure, including the measured coherence between the CIB and unresolved cosmic X-ray background (CXB). Finally we point out the use of the data to probe the CIB-CXB cross-power to new scales and higher accuracy. We also discuss the synergy of these data with future CIB programs at shorter near-IR wavelengths with deep wide surveys and sub-arcsecond angular resolution as provided by Euclid and Roman space missions.
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