我们探索量子计算与机器学习的相互作用，以推进用于观测量子设备中测量诱导相变（MIPT）的实验协议。具体而言，我们聚焦于囚禁离子监控电路，并应用最近由 [Li et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 220404 (2023)] 引入的交叉熵基准，该基准能够缓解后选择问题。通过这样做，我们减少了每个随机电路实现所需的投影测量数量——即样本复杂度，而这在真实设备中是一个关键的限制性资源。由于这些投影测量结果构成经典概率分布，它们适合用标准机器学习生成模型进行学习。在本文中，我们使用循环神经网络（RNN）来学习原生囚禁离子 MIPT 的测量记录表示，并表明使用该生成模型可以大幅减少准确估计交叉熵所需的测量数量。这展示了将量子计算与机器学习相结合以克服实现量子实验中的实际挑战的潜力。
英文摘要：
We explore the interplay of quantum computing and machine learning to advance experimental protocols for observing measurement-induced phase transitions (MIPT) in quantum devices. In particular, we focus on trapped ion monitored circuits and apply the cross entropy benchmark recently introduced by [Li et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 220404 (2023)], which can mitigate the post-selection problem. By doing so, we reduce the number of projective measurements -- the sample complexity -- required per random circuit realization, which is a critical limiting resource in real devices. Since these projective measurement outcomes form a classical probability distribution, they are suitable for learning with a standard machine learning generative model. In this paper, we use a recurrent neural network (RNN) to learn a representation of the measurement record for a native trapped-ion MIPT, and show that using this generative model can substantially reduce the number of measurements required to accurately estimate the cross entropy. This illustrates the potential of combining quantum computing and machine learning to overcome practical challenges in realizing quantum experiments.
Fractal structure of multipartite entanglement in monitored quantum circuits
Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University（莱斯大学斯马利-柯尔研究所）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University（莱斯大学物理与天文系）；Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University（康奈尔大学原子与固态物理实验室）
Infinitely fast critical dynamics: Teleportation through temporal rare regions in monitored quantum circuits
Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem（拉卡物理学研究所，耶路撒冷希伯来大学）；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University（电气与计算机工程系，普林斯顿大学）；Department of Physics, Princeton University（物理系，普林斯顿大学）；The Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem（分子动力学弗里茨·哈伯研究中心，耶路撒冷希伯来大学）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University（物理与天文学系，材料理论中心，罗格斯大学）；Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute（计算量子物理中心，平顿研究所）
From Classical Stochastic to Monitored Quantum Dynamics: Dynamical Phase Coexistence in East Circuit Models
Institut für Theoretische Physik and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universität Tübingen（蒂宾根大学理论物理研究所与集成量子科学技术中心）；Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma（罗马智慧大学物理系）；Centre for Fluid and Complex Systems, Coventry University（考文垂大学流体与复杂系统中心）；School of Physics and Astronomy and Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems, The University of Nottingham（诺丁汉大学物理与天文学院及量子非平衡系统数学与理论物理中心）
Scaling Laws of Quantum Information Lifetime in Monitored Quantum Dynamics
Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California（南加州大学明思海电气与计算机工程系）；Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University（普林斯顿大学电气与计算机工程系）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California（南加州大学物理与天文学系）
Universal purification dynamics of monitored Clifford circuits
Universität zu Köln（科隆大学）；Université Paris-Saclay（巴黎萨克雷大学）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；ENS & PSL University（巴黎高等师范学院与PSL大学）；Sorbonne Université（索邦大学）；Université Paris Cité（巴黎西岱大学）
Informational steady-states and conditional entropy production in continuously monitored systems: the case of Gaussian systems
测量一个系统的行为具有动力学和热力学性质的深刻后果。特别是，从非平衡过程中产生的不可逆性的程度受到旨在获取感兴趣的系统状态信息的测量的强烈影响：有条件和无条件的熵产生，量化了开放系统动态的不可逆性的程度，通过明确解释的信息量相互关联。基于最近提出的碰撞模型框架[G. T. Landi { \it等人}，arXiv：2103.06247]，我们研究了在高斯态中制备的连续可变信息载体并经历高斯过程的情况。我们建立了一个工具箱，充分表征了连续测量的非平衡高斯系统和过程的热力学，说明了在此引入的仪器如何为最近的介观量子系统实验提供关键见解[Phys. Rev. Lett，{ \bf 125}，080601（2020）]。
Flow to Nishimori universality in weakly monitored quantum circuits with qubit loss
University of Cologne（科隆大学）；University of Geneva（日内瓦大学）；University of California, Santa Barbara（加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)（香港科技大学（广州））
Conditional fluctuation theorems and entropy production for monitored quantum systems under imperfect detection
Institute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems IFISC (UIB-CSIC)（交叉物理与复杂系统研究所）；Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante（阿利坎特大学应用物理系）
Dynamics of entanglement entropy for a locally monitored lattice gauge theory
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research（塔塔基础研究所）；Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani（比拉理工学院皮拉尼分校）；Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar（甘地纳加尔印度理工学院）
