用于校准器和万用表实物校准的自动化直流电压与直流电阻实时多标准装置
Automated DC Voltage and DC Resistance Real-time Multiple Standard for Artifact Calibration of Calibrators and multimeters
AI总结：
本研究由MI联合INRIM研发出自动化温控直流电压与电阻多参考标准MRS，含三种可切换标准件，带实时校准值更新与温控设计，满足高端校准器和万用表实物校准的不确定度要求，可作实验室或传递标准，现已商业化。
摘要：
由Measurements International（MI）在意大利国家计量研究院（Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, INRIM）的科研支持下，研发出了一款自动化温控电学直流电压与直流电阻多参考标准（Multiple Reference Standard, MRS）。该MRS包含10 V、1 Ω和10 kΩ三种标准件，可通过开关单元进行选择，能够对低频电学测量中使用的高端校准器和万用表开展实物校准。其中两个电阻为MI出品的高稳定性标准件，10 V标准件则基于INRIM与MI合作开发的低噪声电路实现。其核心创新点在于内置的实时时钟日历模块，可显示MRS各标准件的校准值以及内部计算得出的更新值，确保MRS标准件在校准间隔的较长周期内可靠使用，有效降低由漂移带来的不确定度。所有标准件均置于温控箱内，以最大程度减小温度波动。该MRS标准件满足校准器和万用表制造商规定的实物校准不确定度要求，还可作为实验室参考标准或用于实验室间比对（interlaboratory comparisons, ILCs）的传递标准，目前MI正将该MRS商业化。
英文摘要：
An automated temperature-controlled electrical DC voltage and DC resistance multiple reference standard (MRS) has been developed by Measurements International (MI) with the scientific support from the Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM). The MRS includes a 10 V, a 1 Ω, and a 10 kΩ standards selectable via a switch unit. This setup allows the artifact calibration of high-end calibrators and multimeters used in low-frequency electrical measurements. The two resistors are high-stability standards from MI, while the 10 V standard is based on a low-noise circuit developed by INRIM in collaboration with MI. A key innovation is the internal real-time clock calendar, which displays the calibration values of the MRS standards and their updated values internally calculated. This ensures reliable use of the MRS standards over extended periods between calibrations, effectively minimizing uncertainties due to their drift. The standards are housed in a thermal box, minimizing temperature variations. The MRS standards meet the uncertainty requirements defined by calibrators and multimeters manufacturers for artifact calibration and can also serve as laboratory references or travelling standards for interlaboratory comparisons (ILCs). MI is currently commercializing the MRS.
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