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arXiv 2501.09602astro-ph.HE
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NuSTAR 对 5 个光变活动星系核的观测研究

The NuSTAR view of five changing-look active galactic nuclei

Bing Lyu, Zhen Yan, Xue-bing Wu, Qingwen Wu, Wenfei Yu, Hao Liu

AI总结:

本研究利用NuSTAR观测5个中等倾角光变活动星系核,发现X射线光子指数与爱丁顿标度光度正相关,多数源视线柱密度与该光度负相关,支持盘风触发两类光变的统一机制。

摘要:

光变活动星系核(CLAGNs)已知会在数年或更短时间尺度内发生光谱型在 1 型和 2 型之间的转变(状态转变型),或是吸收程度在康普顿厚与康普顿薄之间的变化(遮蔽变化型)。目前两类 CLAGNs 的物理机制及二者间可能的关联仍不明确。我们利用核分光望远镜阵(NuSTAR)的观测数据,探究了 5 个具有中等倾角视角的 CLAGNs 的宽波段 X 射线光谱演化及柱密度变化,这些源均表现出显著的光学类型和 X 射线吸收变化。基于一个唯象模型和两个团块环面模型,我们发现这 5 个源的 X 射线光子指数($Γ$)与爱丁顿标度的 2-10 keV X 射线光度($L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm Edd}$)呈正相关,这一特征与其他明亮活动星系核及处于 1 型阶段的光学 CLAGNs 相似。除 ESO 362-G18 外,我们发现 log$N_\text{H,los}$ 与 log$L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm Edd}$ 之间存在显著的负相关。与状态转变型 AGNs 类似,遮蔽变化型 AGNs 可能也由吸积盘的演化触发。我们的结果支持盘风模型:在中等倾角下形成、强度与吸积率成正比的盘风会将遮蔽物质推至更远位置,从而降低光变活动星系核视线方向上的柱密度。

英文摘要:

Changing-look active galactic nuclei (CLAGNs) are known to change their spectral type between 1 and 2 (changing-state) or change their absorption between Compton-thick and Compton-thin (changing-obscuration) on timescales of years or less. The physical mechanism and possible connection between the two types of CLAGNs are still unclear. We explore the evolution of the broadband X-ray spectra from Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (\nustar\,) and column density in five CLAGNs with moderate inclination viewing angles, which have shown significant variations of both optical types and X-ray absorption. Based on a phenomenological and two clumpy torus models, we find that the X-ray photon index ($Γ$) and the Eddington-scaled X-ray $2-10$ keV luminosity ($L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm Edd}$) are positively correlated for the five sources, which are similar to other bright AGNs and optical CLAGNs at type 1 phase. We find a significant negative correlation between log$N_\mathrm{H,los}$ and log$L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm Edd}$ except for ESO 362-G18. Similar to changing-state AGNs, changing-obscuration AGNs may be also triggered by the evolution of the accretion disc. Our results support the disc wind scenario, where the disc wind proportional to the accretion rate and formed at moderate inclination angles would push the obscuration material further away and decrease the column density from the line of sight observed in the changing-look AGNs.

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