利用10 dB压缩光增强实现非反射表面的振动传感
Sensing the vibration of non-reflective surfaces with 10-dB-squeezed-light enhancement
AI总结：
本研究针对非反射表面量子增强振动测量的难题，通过测量空气压力波，利用10 dB压缩光实现了高灵敏度振动传感，为低光功率下的远距离、高吸收表面振动测量提供了新方案。
摘要：
具有压缩量子不确定性的激光是干涉传感的有力工具，其常规应用可见于引力波观测站。只有当大部分光子实际被探测到时，才能获得显著的量子优势。正因如此，针对强吸收或强散射表面的量子增强振动测量此前尚未被研究。本文中，我们转而通过测量空气压力波，实现了空气中表面振动频率特性的强量子增强测量。我们的压缩激光束仅需经过振动表面，其灵敏度是相同配置下超稳常规光束需十倍功率才能达到的水平。我们清晰观测到了振幅仅为0.12 mPa/Hz的超声波压力波，空间分辨率达毫米量级，分辨率带宽为1 kHz。我们设想该技术可应用于传感器技术领域，以有限的光功率（例如人眼安全功率）测量空气中远距离、高吸收或光学不可达的表面振动。
英文摘要：
Laser light with squeezed quantum uncertainty is a powerful tool for interferometric sensing. A routine application can be found in gravitational wave observatories. A significant quantum advantage is only achievable if a large fraction of the photons are actually measured. For this reason, quantum-enhanced vibrational measurements of strongly absorbing or scattering surfaces have not been considered so far. Here we demonstrate the strongly quantum-enhanced measurement of the frequency characteristics of surface vibrations in air by measuring the air pressure wave instead. Our squeezed laser beam, which simply passes the vibrating surface, delivers a sensitivity that an ultra-stable conventional light beam in the same configuration can only achieve with ten times the power. The pressure amplitude of a ultrasonic wave of just 0.12 mPa/ Hz was clearly visible with a spatial resolution in the millimetre range and a 1 kHz resolution bandwidth. We envision applications in sensor technology where distant, highly absorbing or optically inaccessible surface vibrations in air are to be measured with limited, e.g. eye-safe, light powers.
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