扩展Timepix3的时间过阈值校准用于空间分辨离子能谱学
Extending the time-over-threshold calibration of Timepix3 for spatial-resolved ion spectroscopy
AI总结：
针对Timepix3在高输入电荷下能量测定不准的问题，提出全局每像素能量校正方法，将可靠能量范围从150 keV扩展至1.1 MeV，并保持高能量分辨率，同时验证了空间分辨率。
摘要：
混合像素探测器在从粒子物理到生命科学的众多领域有着成熟的应用。Timepix3的小尺寸以及相对较低的能耗使其成为核物理实验中离子探测的一个有吸引力的选择，因为它能同时揭示核反应记录事件的精确时间、空间和能量特性。目前，一个限制因素是电子学在高输入电荷下的行为，导致入射较重离子的能量测定不准确。虽然Timepix3的低能量每像素校准通常使用高达60 keV的光子进行，其特征线性范围仅允许正确外推至150 keV/像素。我们开发了一种全局每像素能量校正方法，涉及使用短程加速离子和光谱α源，以适当扩展Timepix3在核离子能谱实验中的能量测定能力，在这些实验中，记录事件的空间和时间精度同样关键。研究发现，应用此校正后，可靠的每像素能量范围从原始的150 keV增加到至少1.1 MeV，同时对于高达1.9 MeV的停止质子，相对能量分辨率保持在优于2.5%，对于5.5 MeV的α粒子，优于3.1%。此外，为了展示带硅传感器的Timepix3探测器的空间分辨率，我们展示了α射线照相测量，从中提取调制传递函数（MTF）并生成真实生物样本图像。
英文摘要：
Hybrid pixel detectors have a well-established array of applications ranging from particle physics to life sciences. The small dimensions of Timepix3 as well as its relatively low energetic expenses make it an intriguing option additionally for ion detection in nuclear physics experiments, as it reveals simultaneously precise temporal, spatial and energetic properties of recorded events from nuclear reactions. Currently, a limiting factor is the electronics behavior at high input charge resulting in improper energy determination of incident heavier ions. While the low-energy per-pixel calibration of Timepix3 is normally performed with the use of photons of up to 60 keV, the characteristic linear range permits a correct extrapolation up to only 150 keV/pixel. We developed a global per-pixel energy correction method involving the use of short-ranged accelerated ions and spectroscopic alpha sources, to suitably extend the energy determination capability of Timepix3 for nuclear ion spectroscopy experiments, where spatial and temporal precision of recorded events are equally crucial. It was found that upon applying this correction, the reliable per-pixel energy range has been increased from the original 150 keV to at least 1.1 MeV, while maintaining the relative energy resolution to better than 2.5% for stopped protons of up to 1.9 MeV and better than 3.1% for alpha particles of 5.5 MeV. Furthermore, to demonstrate the spatial resolution of Timepix3 detectors with silicon sensors, we present alpha-radiography measurements from which we extract the modulation transfer function (MTF) and produce real-world biological sample images.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
