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arXiv 2501.02607astro-ph.SR
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太阳对流区在第24和25活动周期中的全球与局部流动变化

Variation of global and local flows in the solar convection zone during activity cycles 24 and 25

A. V. Getling, A. G. Kosovichev

AI总结:

基于2010-2024年日震数据,研究了太阳对流区流动,发现巨细胞尺度结构呈经向拉长,流动谱功率与活动水平在浅层反相关、深层正相关,并追踪了22年纬向流周期及第25周中清晰的次生子午流。

摘要:

基于覆盖2010年5月至2024年8月的日震学数据,研究了太阳等离子体的对流、较差自转和子午环流,该数据相比先前考虑的时期显著延长。对流运动空间谱的深度变化表明不同尺度流动的叠加。巨细胞尺度速度场分量表现出形成经向拉长(可能为香蕉形)结构的趋势。流动的综合谱功率在近表面层与太阳活动水平呈反相关,在更深层则呈正相关。追踪了纬向流(太阳“扭转振荡”)的延长22年周期以及子午流的变化。在太阳第24活动周极大期观测到的次生子午流在次表层指向赤道,该流动在第25活动周中清晰显现。

英文摘要:

Convection, differential rotation, and meridional circulation of solar plasma are studied based on helioseismic data covering the period from May 2010 to August 2024, significantly prolonged compared to that previously considered. Depth variation in the spatial spectrum of convective motions indicates a superposition of differently scaled flows. The giant-cell-scale component of the velocity field demonstrates a tendency to form meridionally elongated (possibly bananashaped) structures. The integrated spectral power of the flows is anticorrelated with the solar-activity level in the near-surface layers and positively correlates with it in deeper layers. An extended 22-year cycle of zonal flows ("torsional oscillations" of the Sun) and variations of the meridional flows are traced. A secondary meridional flow observed at the epoch of the maximum of Solar Cycle 24 to be directed equatorward in the subsurface layers is clearly manifest in Cycle 25.

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