arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2501.02497cs.AIcs.CLcs.LG
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测试时计算综述:从直觉推理到审慎推理

A Survey of Test-Time Compute: From Intuitive Inference to Deliberate Reasoning

Soochow University(苏州大学);National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学)

Yixin Ji, Juntao Li, Yang Xiang, Hai Ye, Kaixin Wu, Kai Yao, Jia Xu, Linjian Mo, Min Zhang

AI总结:

本文全面综述了测试时计算扩展,追溯其从System-1到System-2模型的演进,探讨了通过参数更新、树搜索等技术提升模型推理与泛化能力的方法及未来方向。

摘要:

o1模型在复杂推理中的卓越表现表明,测试时计算扩展能进一步解锁模型潜力,实现强大的System-2思维。然而,目前仍缺乏关于测试时计算扩展的全面综述。我们将测试时计算的概念追溯至System-1模型。在System-1模型中,测试时计算通过参数更新、输入修改、表示编辑和输出校准来解决分布偏移,并提升鲁棒性与泛化能力。在System-2模型中,它通过重复采样、自我纠正和树搜索增强模型解决复杂问题的推理能力。我们按照从System-1到System-2思维的趋势组织本综述,强调了测试时计算在从System-1模型过渡到弱System-2模型,再到强System-2模型过程中的关键作用。我们还指出了前沿课题与未来方向。

英文摘要:

The remarkable performance of the o1 model in complex reasoning demonstrates that test-time compute scaling can further unlock the model's potential, enabling powerful System-2 thinking. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive surveys for test-time compute scaling. We trace the concept of test-time compute back to System-1 models. In System-1 models, test-time compute addresses distribution shifts and improves robustness and generalization through parameter updating, input modification, representation editing, and output calibration. In System-2 models, it enhances the model's reasoning ability to solve complex problems through repeated sampling, self-correction, and tree search. We organize this survey according to the trend of System-1 to System-2 thinking, highlighting the key role of test-time compute in the transition from System-1 models to weak System-2 models, and then to strong System-2 models. We also point out advanced topics and future directions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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