本文发展了利用介质内相似性重正化群（IMSRG）方法对无限核物质进行非微扰{\it ab initio}计算，该方法能够使用手征二体和三体核力在N$^2$LO和N$^3$LO阶进行计算。同时给出了不同阶次的多体微扰理论和耦合簇理论的结果以供比较。研究表明，对于纯中子物质和对称核物质，不同的多体方法在较硬的核相互作用下会导致明显的差异。这项工作为未来致密核物质和强关联多体系统的研究提供了一种新颖的替代基础设施。
英文摘要：
The non-perturbative {\it ab initio} calculations of infinite nuclear matter using In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group (IMSRG) method is developed in this work, which enables calculations with chiral two and three-nucleon forces at N$^2$LO and N$^3$LO. Results from the many-body perturbation theory at different orders and coupled-cluster theory are also presented for comparison. It is shown that different many-body approaches lead to obvious discrepancies with a harder nuclear interaction for both pure neutron matter and symmetric nuclear matter. This work provides a novel alternative infrastructure for future studies of dense nuclear matter and strongly-correlated many-body systems.
We review the status of ab initio calculations of allowed beta decays (both Fermi and Gamow-Teller), within the framework of the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group approach.
We apply the similarity renormalization group (SRG) approach to evolve a nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) interaction in leading-order (LO) chiral effective field theory (ChEFT), renormalized within the framework of the subtracted kernel method (SKM). We derive a fixed-point interaction and show the renormalization group (RG) invariance in the SKM approach. We also compare the evolution of $NN$ potentials with the subtraction scale through a SKM RG equation in the form of a non-relativistic Callan-Symanzik (NRCS) equation and the evolution with the similarity cutoff through the SRG transformation.
The choice of generator in the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG) flow equation determines the evolution pattern of the Hamiltonian. The kinetic energy has been used in the generator for most prior applications to nuclear interactions, and other options have been largely unexplored. Here we show how variations of this standard choice can allow the evolution to proceed more efficiently without losing its advantages.
The first practical method to evolve many-body nuclear forces to softened form using the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG) in a harmonic oscillator basis is demonstrated. When applied to He4 calculations, the two- and three-body oscillator matrix elements yield rapid convergence of the ground-state energy with a small net contribution of the induced four-body force.
We analyze the role played by Long Distance Symmetries within the context of the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG) approach, which is based on phase-shift preserving continuous unitary transformations that evolve hamiltonians with a cutoff on energy differences. We find that there is a SRG cutoff for which almost perfect fulfillment of Wigner symmetry is found. We discuss the possible consequences of such finding.
We use two renormalization techniques, Effective Field Theory and the Similarity Renormalization Group, to solve simple Schr{ö}dinger equations with delta-function potentials in one and two dimensions. The familiar one-dimensional delta-function does not require renormalization, but it provides the simplest example of a local interaction that can be replaced by a sequence of effective cutoff interactions that produce controllable power-law errors. The two-dimensional delta-function leads to logarithmic divergences, dimensional transmutation and asymptotic freedom, providing an example of some …
A non-perturbative s-wave renormalization of the pion in a hot and baryon rich medium is presented. This approach proceeds via a mapping of the canonical pion into the axial Noether's charge. The mapping was made dynamical in the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov random phase approximation (HFB-RPA). It is shown that this approach, while order mixing, is still symmetry conserving both in the baryon free and baryon rich sectors, at zero as well as finite temperature. The systematic character of this approach is emphasized and it is particularly argued that it may constitute an interesting alternative for…
A new framework for computing the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG) evolution of three-nucleon forces (3NF) in momentum representation is presented. The use of antisymmetric three-particle hyperspherical momentum states ensures unitary evolutions within certain basis truncations, much like antisymmetric harmonic oscillator SRG evolutions. Additionally, in each partial wave the $T_{\mbox{rel}}$-SRG regulator is exactly represented, similar to recent 3NF momentum representation evolutions. Unitary equivalence is demonstrated for the triton using several chiral two- plus three-nucleon intera…
We report on recent progress of the implementation of the similarity renormalization group (SRG) for three-body interactions in a one-dimensional, bosonic model system using the plane wave basis. We discuss our implementation of the flow equations and show results that confirm that results in the three-body sector remain unchanged by the transformation of the Hamiltonian. We also show how the SRG transformation decouples low- from high-momentum nodes in the three-body sector and therefore simplifies the numerical calculation of observables.
We investigate how the Unitary Correlation Operator Method (UCOM), developed to explicitly describe the strong short-range central and tensor correlations present in the nuclear many-body system, relates to the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG), a method to band-diagonalize Hamiltonians by continuous unitary transformations. We demonstrate how the structure of the UCOM transformation, originally motivated from the physically intuitive picture of correlations in coordinate space, arises naturally from the SRG flow equation. Apart from formal considerations we show that the momentum space m…
Methods based on Wilson's renormalization group have been successfully applied in the context of nuclear physics to analyze the scale dependence of effective nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) potentials, as well as to consistently integrate out the high-momentum components of phenomenological high-precision $NN$ potentials in order to derive phase-shift equivalent softer forms, the so called $V_{low-k}$ potentials. An alternative renormalization group approach that has been applied in this context is the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG), which is based on a series of continuous unitary transformati…
In the past few years in-medium similarity renormalization group methods have been introduced and developed. In these methods the Hamiltonian is evolved using a unitary transformation in order to decouple a reference state from the rest of the Hilbert space. The evolution by itself will generate, even if we start from a two-body interaction, many-body forces which are usually neglected. In this work we estimate the effect of these residual many-body forces by comparing results obtained with the Hybrid Multi-determinant method, which keeps the Hamiltonian within the two-body sector, with the co…
We investigate renormalization group limit cycles within the similarity renormalization group (SRG) and discuss their signatures in the evolved interaction. A quantitative method to detect limit cycles in the interaction and to extract their period is proposed. Several SRG generators are compared regarding their suitability for this purpose. As a test case, we consider the limit cycle of the inverse square potential.
Decoupling via the Similarity Renormalization Group (SRG) of low-energy nuclear physics from high-energy details of the nucleon-nucleon interaction is examined for two-body observables and few-body binding energies. The universal nature of this decoupling is illustrated and errors from suppressing high-momentum modes above the decoupling scale are shown to be perturbatively small.
The similarity renormalization group (SRG) is based on unitary transformations that suppress off-diagonal matrix elements, forcing the hamiltonian towards a band-diagonal form. A simple SRG transformation applied to nucleon-nucleon interactions leads to greatly improved convergence properties while preserving observables, and provides a method to consistently evolve many-body potentials and other operators.
Quantum field theories require a cutoff to regulate divergences that result from local interactions, and yet physical results can not depend on the value of this cutoff. The renormalization group employs a transformation that changes the cutoff to isolate hamiltonians that produce cutoff-independent eigenvalues. The similarity renormalization group is based on similarity transformations that regulate off-diagonal matrix elements, forcing the hamiltonian towards a band-diagonal form as the cutoff is lowered. This avoids pathologies that plagued tradition transformations acting on hamiltonians, …
We review the role played by long-distance symmetries within the context of the similarity renormalization group approach. This is based on phase-shift-preserving continuous unitary transformations that evolve Hamiltonians with a cutoff on energy differences. We find that there is a similarity cutoff of 3/fm for which almost perfect fulfillment of Wigner SU(4) symmetry is found at the two body level. This suggests to look for similar symmetry patterns for three- and four-body forces. We also analyze the impact of potentials based on Chiral Perturbation Theory in Nuclear Structure calculations.
We present a nonperturbative derivation of effective valence-shell Hamiltonians in the framework of the recently developed in-medium similarity renormalization group (IM-SRG). As a first application, we calculate the spectra of $p$- and $sd$-shell nuclei, $^6$Li and $^{18}$O, based on evolved chiral nucleon-nucleon interactions. For $^6$Li, the spectrum is in very good agreement with ab-initio results. For $^{18}$O, the IM-SRG provides a new method for the shell model to systematically go beyond effective interaction techniques based on diagrammatic expansions.
We use the non-perturbative renormalization group to clarify some features of perturbation theory in thermal field theory. For the specific case of the scalar field theory with O(N) symmetry, we solve the flow equations within the local potential approximation. This approximation reproduces the perturbative results for the screening mass and the pressure up to order g^3, and starts to differ at order g^4. The method allows a smooth extrapolation to the regime where the coupling is not small, very similar to that obtained from a simple self-consistent approximation.
By following the Foldy-Wouthuysen (FW) transformation of the Dirac equation, we work out the exact analytic expressions up to the $1/M^4$ order for the general cases in the covariant density functional theory. These results are further compared with the corresponding ones derived from another novel non-relativistic expansion method, the similarity renormalization group (SRG). Based on that, the origin of the difference between the results obtained by the FW transformation and SRG method is explored.
By following the conventional similarity renormalization group (SRG) expansion of the Dirac equation developed in [J.-Y. Guo, Phys. Rev. C \textbf{85}, 021302 (2012)], we work out the analytic expression of the ${1}/{M^4}$ order and verify the convergence of this method. As a step further, the reconstituted SRG method is proposed by using the re-summation technique. The speed of convergence of the reconstituted SRG becomes much faster than the conventional one, and the single-particle densities with the reconstituted SRG are also almost identical to the exact values.
