利用统计学和刑侦证据证明选举欺诈的双重视角
A dual approach to proving electoral fraud using statistics and forensic evidence (Dvojnoe dokazatel'stvo falsifikazij na vyborah statistikoj i kriminalistikoj)
AI总结：
本文通过统计学和刑侦证据双重视角，揭示了选举欺诈中的统计异常和篡改证据，发现工厂安全袋序列号重复用于欺诈，并指出防篡改封印的不可靠性。
摘要：
选举欺诈常常表现为选举结果中的统计异常，但其程度很少能通过其他证据可靠确认。本文报告了莫斯科附近瓦拉希卡镇市镇选举的完整结果，我们观察到选票计数记录中的统计异常和 ballots 在夜间存储期间被篡改的刑侦证据。我们评估了两种类型的统计签名，这些签名可用于证明已注入了欺诈选票的批次。我们发现，工厂制造的具有相同序列号的安全袋被用于此欺诈方案。在我们9个投票站中的8个，统计和刑侦证据一致（识别出7个为欺诈，1个为诚实），而在剩下的一个站点，统计证据检测到欺诈，而刑侦证据不足。我们还说明了在选举中使用防篡改封印本质上是不可靠的。
英文摘要：
Electoral fraud often manifests itself as statistical anomalies in election results, yet its extent can rarely be reliably confirmed by other evidence. Here we report the complete results of municipal elections in the town of Vlasikha near Moscow, where we observe both statistical irregularities in the vote-counting transcripts and forensic evidence of tampering with ballots during their overnight storage. We evaluate two types of statistical signatures in the vote sequence that can prove batches of fraudulent ballots have been injected. We find that pairs of factory-made security bags with identical serial numbers are used in this fraud scheme. At 8 out of our 9 polling stations, the statistical and forensic evidence agrees (identifying 7 as fraudulent and 1 as honest), while at the remaining station the statistical evidence detects the fraud while the forensic one is insufficient. We also illustrate that the use of tamper-indicating seals at elections is inherently unreliable.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
