电子诱导的水冰辐射分解与氧气积累
Electron-Induced Radiolysis of Water Ice and the Buildup of Oxygen
AI总结：
该研究通过电子辐照多孔水冰风化层样品的质谱实验，验证 H2 与 O2 释放及 O2 滞留机制，并量化 O2 的滞留时间、饱和水平及 H2O 释放影响因素。
摘要：
高能离子、电子和紫外光子的辐照会在冰卫星、彗星和冰质颗粒表面引发溅射和化学过程（辐射分解）。无论是针对理想表面，还是针对更复杂、更真实的模拟样品，实验室实验对于理解冰卫星和彗星表面与其空间环境的相互作用都至关重要。本研究展示了对多孔水冰风化层样品进行电子辐照的质谱测量首批结果，这些样品可作为太阳系中富水冰表面的代表性类比。此前研究表明，大多数电子诱导的 H2O 辐射分解产物以 H2 和 O2 的形式离开冰体，并且在特定条件下，O2 可以滞留在受辐照的冰中。我们新的实验室实验证实了这些发现。此外，实验还量化了 O2 在初始纯水冰中的滞留时间和饱和水平。H2O 也可能因辐照而从水冰中释放，但对释放的 H2O 进行量化更为困难，且其总量对电子通量和能量十分敏感。
英文摘要：
Irradiation by energetic ions, electrons, and UV photons induces sputtering and chemical processes (radiolysis) in the surfaces of icy moons, comets, and icy grains. Laboratory experiments, both of ideal surfaces and of more complex and realistic analog samples, are crucial to understand the interaction of surfaces of icy moons and comets with their space environment. This study shows the first results of mass spectrometry measurements from porous water ice regolith samples irradiated with electrons as a representative analogy to water-ice rich surfaces in the solar system. Previous studies have shown that most electron-induced H2O radiolysis products leave the ice as H2 and O2 and that O2 can be trapped under certain conditions in the irradiated ice. Our new laboratory experiments confirm these findings. Moreover, they quantify residence times and saturation levels of O2 in originally pure water ice. H2O may also be released from the water ice by irradiation, but the quantification of the released H2O is more difficult and the total amount is sensitive to the electron flux and energy.
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