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arXiv 2411.01151hep-phastro-ph.CO
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天体粒子物理中的致密天体与暗物质动力学

Compact objects and dark matter dynamics in astroparticle physics

Ashadul Halder

AI总结:

本研究围绕天体粒子物理中的夸克星、原初黑洞、暗物质等致密天体与暗物质相关对象,开展了解析推导、参数约束、多信使信号分析及重子不对称性估算等研究。

摘要:

夸克星是宇宙中一种奇特的恒星。夸克星的极限质量除了与袋常数及其他基本参数相关外,本质上还取决于自转频率。本研究得到的解析结果与多项相关数值估算的结果以及观测证据均吻合。原初黑洞(PBH)是致密天体的另一类假想候选体。我们探究了21厘米情景下PBH蒸发与重子-暗物质(DM)相互作用的联合效应。我们利用EDGES实验结果中的观测过剩值(-500^{+200}_{-500} mK),给出了多个PBH和DM参数的上下限约束。我们还在相互作用暗能量(IDE)模型框架下开展了类似研究,共考虑三种IDE模型,并最终分别测定了各情形下IDE耦合参数的允许区间。结合21厘米情景,我们还探究了基本重暗物质(HDM)可能发生的稀有衰变产生的多信使信号。HDM可发生QCD级联衰变,最终产物为轻子或γ射线。其中一类多信使信号可能是IceCube探测器探测到的超高能中微子(~PeV)信号的来源,另一类信号则对应HDM衰变导致的重子冷却/加热及其对全球21厘米信号的相应影响。这类HDM的晚期衰变还可能对物质-反物质不对称性方面产生重要影响。通过对IceCube的PeV中微子数据进行χ²分析,我们得到了这类暗物质粒子的质量和寿命,最后估算了若宇宙中的重子不对称性由暗物质衰变所导致的产生量。

英文摘要:

The quark star is such an exotic star of our Universe. The limiting mass for quark stars essentially depends on rotational frequency apart from bag constant and other fundamental parameters. The analytical results obtained agree with the results of several relevant numerical estimates as well as observational evidence. Primordial black hole (PBH) is another hypothetical candidate of compact astrophysical objects. We explore the combined effect of PBH evaporation and the baryon-dark matter (DM) interaction in the 21cm scenario. We address both upper and lower bounds on several PBH and DM parameters using the observational excess (-500^{+200}_{-500} mK) of EDGES's experimental results. A similar investigation has been carried out in the framework of interacting dark energy (IDE) models. We consider three IDE models and eventually measure the allowed limits of IDE coupling parameters for individual cases. Keeping in view of the 21cm scenario, we also explore the multimessenger signals from possible rare decay of fundamental Heavy Dark Matters (HDM). HDM can undergo QCD cascade decay to produce leptons or $γ$ as end products. One of the multimessenger signals could be the source of ultra high energy neutrino ($\sim$PeV) signals at the IceCube detector whereas the other signal attributes to the cooling/heating of the baryons due to HDM decay and corresponding influences in the global 21cm signal. The consequence of late time decay of such HDMs may also have significant implications on the aspect of matter-antimatter asymmetry. The mass and lifetime of such Dark Matter particles have been obtained by performing a $χ^2$ analysis with the PeV neutrino data of IceCube and finally, the amount of baryon asymmetry produced in the Universe is estimated if caused by Dark Matter decay.

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