Few primitives are as intertwined with the foundations of cryptography as Oblivious Transfer (OT). Not surprisingly, with the advent of quantum information processing, a major research path has emerged, aiming to minimize the requirements necessary to achieve OT by leveraging quantum resources, while also exploring the implications for secure computation. Indeed, OT has been the target of renewed focus regarding its newfound quantum possibilities (and impossibilities), both towards its computation and communication complexity. For instance, non-interactive OT, known to be impossible classically, has been strongly pursued. In its most extreme form, non-interactive chosen-input OT (one-shot OT) is equivalent to a One-Time Memory (OTM). OTMs have been proposed as tamper-proof hardware solutions for constructing One-Time Programs -- single-use programs that execute on an arbitrary input without revealing anything about their internal workings. In this work, we leverage quantum resources in the Noisy-Quantum-Storage Model to achieve:
1. Unconditionally-secure two-message non-interactive OT -- the smallest number of messages known to date for unconditionally-secure chosen-input OT.
2. Computationally-secure one-shot OT/OTM, with everlasting security, assuming only one-way functions and sequential functions -- without requiring trusted hardware, QROM, or pre-shared entanglement.
3. One-Time Programs without the need for hardware-based solutions or QROM, by compiling our OTM construction with the [GKR08, GIS+10] compiler.
Performance of Practical Quantum Oblivious Key Distribution
Instituto de Telecomunicações（电信研究所）；Universidade de Lisboa（里斯本大学）；University of Vienna（维也纳大学）；Delft University of Technology（代尔夫特理工大学）；Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University（冲绳科学技术大学院大学）
A robust and composable device-independent protocol for oblivious transfer using (fully) untrusted quantum devices in the bounded storage model
Centre for Quantum Technologies, Singapore（新加坡量子技术中心）；Département d’informatique et de recherche opérationnelle (DIRO), Université de Montréal（蒙特利尔大学计算机科学与运筹学系）；Department of Computer Science, National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学计算机系）；MajuLab, UMI 3654, Singapore（新加坡MAJU实验室）；QUASAR and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa（渥太华大学QUASAR及数学与统计系）
