Omnigenity is a property of a magnetic field which ensures confinement of trapped particles. It is a necessary requirement for any high-performance stellarator. After creating an omnigenous equilibrium, one must also ensure reduced transport resulting from kinetic and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities. To this end, we leverage the GPU-accelerated DESC optimization suite, which is used to design stable, finite-$β$ omnigenous equilibria with poloidal, toroidal, and helical symmetry, achieving Mercier, ideal ballooning, and as a consequence, improved kinetic ballooning stability. We discover stellarators with second stability, a regime of large pressure gradient where an equilibrium becomes ideal ballooning stable, and demonstrate and explore both using theory and gyrokinetic simulations the connection between ideal and kinetic ballooning stability.
Princeton University（普林斯顿大学）；Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics（马普等离子体物理研究所）；Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland（马里兰大学电子与应用物理研究所）；Thea Energy（Thea能源公司）；Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory（普林斯顿等离子体物理实验室）
Combination of quasi-isodynamic and piecewise omnigenous magnetic fields
Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión, CIEMAT（CIEMAT国家聚变实验室）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Center for Computational Mathematics, Flatiron Institute（平顶山研究所计算数学中心）
